Cells  

Maria Alice Freitas-Lopes, Kassiana Mafra, Bruna A. David, Raquel Carvalho-Gontijo and Gustavo B. Menezes

The liver is one of the main organs in the body, performing several metabolic and immunological functions that are indispensable to the organism. The liver is strategically positioned in the abdominal cavity between the intestine and the systemic circulat... see more

Annemarie Schiller, Ting Zhang, Ruliang Li, Andrea Duechting, Srividya Sundararaman, Anna Przybyla, Stefanie Kuerten and Paul V. Lehmann

Testing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for immune monitoring purposes requires verification of their functionality. This is of particular concern when the PBMC have been shipped or stored for prolonged periods of time. While the CEF (Cytomeg... see more

Susanne M. Bailer

Herpesviral capsid assembly is initiated in the nucleoplasm of the infected cell. Size constraints require that newly formed viral nucleocapsids leave the nucleus by an evolutionarily conserved vescular transport mechanism called nuclear egress. Mature ca... see more

Ana Rita Monteiro, Richard Hill, Geoffrey J. Pilkington and Patrícia A. Madureira

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a grade IV astrocytoma, is the most common and deadly type of primary malignant brain tumor, with a patient’s median survival rate ranging from 15 to 17 months. The current treatment for GBM involves tumor resection surgery ... see more

Erika Pineda and Doranda Perdomo

Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amoebiasis; it affects 50 million people worldwide and causes approximately 100,000 deaths per year. Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasite that is primarily found in the colon; however, for un... see more

Andrea Schampel and Stefanie Kuerten

Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are widely distributed within the central nervous system (CNS) and presumed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of a broad spectrum of CNS disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease as well ... see more

Arianna De Luca, Paola Avena, Rosa Sirianni, Adele Chimento, Francesco Fallo, Catia Pilon, Ivan Casaburi and Vincenzo Pezzi

PELP1 acts as an estrogen receptor (ER) coactivator that exerts an essential role in the ER’s functions. ER coregulators have a critical role in the progression and response to hormonal treatment of estrogen-dependent tumors. We previously demonstrated th... see more

Alexander E. Kalyuzhny

Michael V. Zaragoza, Cecilia H. H. Nguyen, Halida P. Widyastuti, Linda A. McCarthy and Anna Grosberg

Dupuytren’s disease (palmar fibromatosis) involves nodules in fascia of the hand that leads to flexion contractures. Ledderhose disease (plantar fibromatosis) is similar with nodules of the foot. While clinical aspects are well-described, genetic mechanis... see more

Marek Kieliszek, Boguslaw Lipinski and Stanislaw Blazejak

Selenium is an essential trace element that occurs in nature, in both inorganic and organic forms. This element participates in numerous biochemical processes, including antioxidant potential, but the mechanism of its anti-cancer action is still not well ... see more

Ashvin Iyer, Adam J. Koch and James M. Holaska

Mutations in the gene encoding emerin cause Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD), a disorder causing progressive skeletal muscle wasting, irregular heart rhythms and contractures of major tendons. RNA sequencing was performed on differentiating wildty... see more

Raquel Gómez-Sintes, Beatriz Villarejo-Zori, Ana Serrano-Puebla, Lorena Esteban-Martínez, Elena Sierra-Filardi, Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo, Natalia Rodríguez-Muela and Patricia Boya

Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that mediates the degradation and recycling of intracellular components, and is a key player in a variety of physiological processes in cells and tissues. Recent studies of autophagy in the eye suggest that this pathway is... see more

María Esther Pérez-Pérez, Inmaculada Couso, Luis G. Heredia-Martínez and José L. Crespo

Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents and organelles in the vacuole. This degradative process is mediated by a group of proteins coded by autophagy-related (ATG) genes that are widely conserved from yeasts t... see more

Takako Yao, Tsutomu Fujimura, Kimie Murayama, Ko Okumura and Yoshinori Seko

We previously identified a novel apoptosis-inducing humoral factor in the conditioned medium of hypoxic/reoxygenated-cardiac myocytes. We named this novel post-translationally-modified secreted-form of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A Oxidative... see more

Cuiling Li, Han-Pil Choi, Xiaoyue Wang, Fei Wu, Xinjun Chen, Xin Lü, Ruirui Jing, Hoon Ryu, Xingyuan Wang, Kazem M. Azadzoi and Jing-Hua Yang

Histone acetylation adds an acetyl group on the lysine residue commonly found within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome, and is important for chromosome structure and function in gene transcription and chromatin remodel... see more

Ilaria Pecorari, Daniele Borin and Orfeo Sbaizero

Lamins are type V intermediate filaments that collectively form a meshwork underneath the inner nuclear membrane, called nuclear lamina. Furthermore, they are also present in the nucleoplasm. Lamins are experiencing a growing interest, since a wide range ... see more

Josué Da Costa Lima-Junior, Fernanda Nazaré Morgado and Fátima Conceição-Silva

Elispot has been used as an important tool for detecting immune cells’ products and functions and has facilitated the understanding of host-pathogen interaction. Despite the incredible diversity of possibilities, two main approaches have been developed: t... see more

Sandra K. Halonen

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite, with approximately one-third of the worlds’ population chronically infected. In chronically infected individuals, the parasite resides in tissue cysts in neurons in the brain. The chronic infection... see more