26 articles in this issue
Tapsya Nayak, Tinghe Zhang, Zijing Mao, Xiaojing Xu, Lin Zhang, Daniel J. Pack, Bing Dong and Yufei Huang
-
Fabrizio Schifano, Stefania Chiappini, John M. Corkery and Amira Guirguis
Recently, a range of prescription and over-the-counter drugs have been reportedly used as Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS), due to their potential for abuse resulting from their high dosage/idiosyncratic methods of self-administration. This paper provi... see more
Irina Balan, Kaitlin T. Warnock, Adam Puche, Marjorie C. Gondre-Lewis, Harry June and Laure Aurelian
Alcoholism initiates with episodes of excessive alcohol drinking, known as binge drinking, which is one form of excessive drinking (NIAAA Newsletter, 2004) that is related to impulsivity and anxiety (Ducci et al., 2007; Edenberg et al., 2004) and is also ... see more
Shervin Assari, Brianna Preiser, Maryam Moghani Lankarani and Cleopatra H. Caldwell
Background: Most of the literature on the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health is focused on the protective effects of SES. However, a growing literature suggests that high SES may also operate as a vulnerability factor. Aims: Using a... see more
Joan Y. Holgate, Josephine R. Tarren and Selena E. Bartlett
Churl-Su Kwon, Valeria Ripa, Omar Al-Awar, Fedor Panov, Saadi Ghatan and Nathalie Jetté
Neuromodulation is a treatment strategy that is increasingly being utilized in those suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy who are not appropriate for resective surgery. The number of double-blinded RCTs demonstrating the efficacy of neurostimulation in ... see more
Bryan D. Fantie, Mary H. Kosmidis, Maria Giannakou, Sotiria Moza, Athanasios Karavatos and Vassilis P. Bozikas
Roberta Daini, Paola De Fabritiis, Chiara Ginocchio, Carlo Lenti, Cristina Michela Lentini, Donatella Marzorati and Maria Luisa Lorusso
The hypothesis that an atypical hemispheric specialization is associated to developmental dyslexia (DD) is receiving renewed interest, lending some support to Orton’s theory. In this article, we investigated whether interhemispheric transfer process... see more
Elena A. Khabarova, Natalia P. Denisova, Aleksandr B. Dmitriev, Konstantin V. Slavin and Leo Verhagen Metman
Guixin Zhang, William Rodemer, Taemin Lee, Jianli Hu and Michael E. Selzer
Failure of axon regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals is due to both extrinsic inhibitory factors and to neuron-intrinsic factors. The importance of intrinsic factors is illustrated in the sea lamprey by the 18 pairs of large, indivi... see more
Claudia V. Turco, Mitchell B. Locke, Jenin El-Sayes, Mark Tommerdahl and Aimee J. Nelson
(1) Background: Afferent inhibition is the attenuation of the muscle response evoked from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) by a prior conditioning electrical stimulus to a peripheral nerve. It is unclear whether the magnitude of afferent inhibition... see more
Michelle A. Sahai, Colin Davidson, Neelakshi Dutta and Jolanta Opacka-Juffry
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) may have unsuspected addiction potential through possessing stimulant properties. Stimulants normally act at the dopamine transporter (DAT) and thus increase dopamine (DA) availability in the brain, including nucleus ac... see more
Joëlle S. Witmer, Eva A. Aeschlimann, Andreas J. Metz, Stefan J. Troche and Thomas H. Rammsayer
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly used for investigating cognitive processes. To provide converging evidence for the validity of fNIRS recordings in cognitive neuroscience, we investigated functional activation in the frontal c... see more
Athanassios Protopapas and Rauno Parrila
Specific word reading difficulty, commonly termed ‘developmental dyslexia’, refers to the low end of the word reading skill distribution but is frequently considered to be a neurodevelopmental disorder. This term implies that brain development... see more
Jessica A. Karl, Bichun Ouyang, Kalea Colletta and Leo Verhagen Metman
Warren Boling, Margaret Means and Anita Fletcher
Epilepsy is an important and common worldwide public health problem that affects people of all ages. A significant number of individuals with epilepsy will be intractable to medication. These individuals experience an elevated mortality rate and negative ... see more
Rosalind Gittins, Amira Guirguis, Fabrizio Schifano and Ian Maidment
Substance misuse services need to meet the growing demand and needs of individuals using new psychoactive substances (NPS). A review of the literature identified a paucity of research regarding NPS use by these individuals and UK guidelines outline the ne... see more
Aya Rezeika, Mihaly Benda, Piotr Stawicki, Felix Gembler, Abdul Saboor and Ivan Volosyak
A Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) provides a novel non-muscular communication method via brain signals. A BCI-speller can be considered as one of the first published BCI applications and has opened the gate for many advances in the field. Although many BCI... see more
Cara J. Valvona and Helen L. Fillmore
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour and current therapies often leave patients with severe neurological disabilities. Four major molecular groups of medulloblastoma have been identified (Wnt, Shh, Group 3 and Group 4), whi... see more
Mohammad Alwardat and Mohammad Etoom
Dear Editor, Brunelin et al. [1] recently conducted a systematic review that evaluated the effect of applied transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).[...]
Willy Serniclaes and M’ballo Seck
Although dyslexia can be individuated in many different ways, it has only three discernable sources: a visual deficit that affects the perception of letters, a phonological deficit that affects the perception of speech sounds, and an audio-visual deficit ... see more
Daniel W. Nixon
Down syndrome (trisomy 21), a complex mix of physical, mental, and biochemical issues, includes an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and childhood leukemia, a decreased risk of other tumors, and a high frequency of overweight/obesity. Certain features... see more
Manuel Menéndez-González, Huber S. Padilla-Zambrano, Cristina Tomás-Zapico and Benjamin Fernández García
This concept article aims to show the rationale of targeting extracellular a-Synuclein (a-Syn) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a new strategy to remove this protein from the brain in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Misfolding and intracellular aggregation of ... see more
Abhimanyu Mahajan, Andrew Zillgitt, Susan M. Bowyer and Christos Sidiropoulos
Background: The proposed mechanisms for the sensory trick include peripheral sensory feedback to aid in correcting abnormal posture or movement. Case report: A 53-year-old woman with cervical dystonia underwent magnetoencephalography pre- and post-botulin... see more
Anne-Cécile Boulay, Alice Gilbert, Vanessa Oliveira Moreira, Corinne Blugeon, Sandrine Perrin, Juliette Pouch, Stéphane Le Crom, Bertrand Ducos and Martine Cohen-Salmon
Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells of the central nervous system and have recently been recognized as crucial in the regulation of brain immunity. In most neuropathological conditions, astrocytes are prone to a radical phenotypical change called... see more
Chinekwu Anyanwu and Gholam K. Motamedi
Despite appropriate trials of at least two antiepileptic drugs, about a third of patients with epilepsy remain drug resistant (intractable; refractory). Epilepsy surgery offers a potential cure or significant improvement to those with focal onset drug-res... see more