12 articles in this issue
Michael H. Thaut, Pietro Davide Trimarchi and Lawrence M. Parsons
Rhythm as the time structure of music is composed of distinct temporal components such as pattern, meter, and tempo. Each feature requires different computational processes: meter involves representing repeating cycles of strong and weak beats; pattern in... see more
Emma Moore, Rebecca S. Schaefer, Mark E. Bastin, Neil Roberts and Katie Overy
In recent years, musicians have been increasingly recruited to investigate grey and white matter neuroplasticity induced by skill acquisition. The development of Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DT-MRI) has allowed more detailed investigation ... see more
Arnaud Saj, Noa Raz, Netta Levin, Tamir Ben-Hur and Shahar Arzy
Patients with conversion disorder generally suffer from a severe neurological deficit which cannot be attributed to a structural neurological damage. In two patients with acute conversion paraplegia, investigation with functional magnetic resonance imagin... see more
Pastora Martínez-Castilla and María Sotillo
Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, has been taken as evidence that music and language constitute separate modules. This research focused on the linguistic component of prosody and aimed to assess whether relationships exist bet... see more
Ming Xiong, Jing Li, Hussain M. Alhashem, Vasanti Tilak, Anuradha Patel, Sergey Pisklakov, Allan Siegel, Jiang Hong Ye and Alex Bekker
Propofol is a general anesthetic widely used in surgical procedures, including those in pregnant women. Preclinical studies suggest that propofol may cause neuronal injury to the offspring of primates if it is administered during pregnancy. However, it is... see more
Hubert Cecotti and Bertrand Rivet
New paradigms are required in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems for the needs and expectations of healthy people. To solve this issue, we explore the emerging field of cooperative BCIs, which involves several users in a single BCI system. Contrary to... see more
Stephanie Attarian, Lan Chi Tran, Aimee Moore, George Stanton, Eric Meyer and Robert P. Moore
Medical management of newborn infants often necessitates recurrent painful procedures, which may alter nociceptive pathways during a critical developmental period and adversely effect neuropsychological outcomes. To mitigate the effects of repeated painfu... see more
Yongxing Sun, Baiqi Cheng, Yuanlin Dong, Tianzuo Li, Zhongcong Xie and Yiying Zhang
The inhalation anesthetic isoflurane has been reported to induce caspase activation and apoptosis, which may lead to learning and memory impairment. However, the underlying mechanisms of these effects are largely unknown. Isoflurane has been shown to indu... see more
Lisa Wise-Faberowski, Zoel A. Quinonez and Gregory B. Hammer
Anesthetic neurotoxicity has been a hot topic in anesthesia for the past decade. It is of special interest to pediatric anesthesiologists. A subgroup of children potentially at greater risk for anesthetic neurotoxicity, based on a prolonged anesthetic exp... see more
Sunny Chiao and Zhiyi Zuo
The use of volatile anesthetics, a group of general anesthetics, is an exceedingly common practice. These anesthetics may have neuroprotective effects. Over the last decade, anesthetic induced neurotoxicity in pediatric populations has gained a certain no... see more
Amanda L. Smith, Courtney A. Hill, Michelle Alexander, Caitlin E. Szalkowski, James J. Chrobak, Ted S. Rosenkrantz and R. Holly Fitch
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI; reduction in blood/oxygen supply) is common in infants with serious birth complications, such as prolonged labor and cord prolapse, as well as in infants born prematurely (<37 weeks gestational age; GA). Most often, HI can lead to br... see more
Tara C. Dennehy, Shanna Cooper, Tanaz Molapour and Ezequiel Morsella
The phenomenon of “entry into awareness” is one of the most challenging puzzles in neuroscience. Research has shown how entry is influenced by processes that are “bottom-up” (e.g., stimulus salience, motion, novelty, incentive and emotional quality) and a... see more