Diseases  

Tamara Alhobayb, Rahul Peravali and Motaz Ashkar

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with poor prognosis, leading to significant cancer-related mortality and an overall five-year survival rate of about nine percent. Acute and chronic pancreatitis have been associated with PDAC th... see more

Holly R. Hughes, Jason O. Velez, Kelly Fitzpatrick, Emily H. Davis, Brandy J. Russell, Amy J. Lambert, J. Erin Staples and Aaron C. Brault

The type species of the genus Coltivirus, Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV), was discovered in 1943 and is the most common tick-borne viral infection in the Western US. Despite its long history, very little is known about the molecular diversity of viruses... see more

Lalit Pukhrambam Singh and Takhellambam S. Devi

Chronic hyperglycemia-induced thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression, associated oxidative/nitrosative stress (ROS/RNS), and mitochondrial dysfunction play critical roles in the etiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, there is no effec... see more

Thyla Viswanathan, Chim C. Lang, Russell D. Petty and Mark A. Baxter

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of death in the United Kingdom. Many systemic anticancer treatments are associated with short- and long-term cardiotoxicity. With improving cancer survival and an ageing population, identifying thos... see more

Karthik Gangu, Aniesh Bobba, Harleen Kaur Chela, Omer Basar, Robert W. Min, Veysel Tahan and Ebubekir Daglilar

Biliary tract diseases that are not adequately treated on index hospitalization are linked to worse outcomes, including high readmission rates. Delays in care for conditions such as choledocholithiasis, gallstone pancreatitis, and cholecystitis often occu... see more

Amal K. Mitra, Azad R. Bhuiyan and Elizabeth A. Jones

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious, potentially life-threatening condition. Epidemiologic studies show that sleep apnea increases cardiovascular diseases risk factors including hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. OSA is also responsible ... see more

Abdelaziz Ghanemi, Mayumi Yoshioka and Jonny St-Amand

In modern societies, ageing and obesity represent medical challenges for healthcare professionals and caregivers. Obesity and ageing share common features including the related cellular and molecular pathways as well as the impacts they have as risk facto... see more

Emily Reznicek, Mohammad Arfeen, Bo Shen and Yezaz A. Ghouri

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a risk factor for the development of inflammation-associated dysplasia or colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN). This transformation results from chronic inflammation, which induces changes in epithelial proliferation, survival, an... see more

Sarah Bauer, Fuming Zhang and Robert J. Linhardt

Zoonotic diseases are infectious diseases that pass from animals to humans. These include diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites and can be transmitted through close contact or through an intermediate insect vector. Many of the world’s... see more

Sabine Bock, Bernd Hoffmann, Martin Beer and Kerstin Wernike

Since the beginning of 2020, the betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is causing a global pandemic of an acute respiratory disease termed COVID-19. The diagnostics of the novel disease is primarily based on direct virus detection by RT-PCR; however, the availabilit... see more

Luma Akil

Background: Foodborne diseases are a major source of concern in USA. These diseases are a burden on public health and significantly contribute to the cost of health care. There is an urgent need to understand the contributing factors for such outbreaks, e... see more

Jenna L. Gordon, Kristin J. Hinsen, Melissa M. Reynolds and Mark A. Brown

Despite enormous advances in the detection and treatment of breast cancer, it still remains the leading cancer diagnosis and has the second highest mortality rate. Thus, breast cancer research is a high priority for academics and clinicians alike. Based o... see more

Flora Greta Petenyi, Tamas Garay, Dorottya Muhl, Blanka Izso, Adam Karaszi, Erika Borbenyi, Magdolna Herold, Zoltan Herold, Attila Marcell Szasz and Magdolna Dank

Our present oncological treatment arsenal has limited treatment options for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Extended reviews have shown the benefits of hyperthermia for PDAC, supporting the perspectives with the improvements of the treatment poss... see more

Upama Gaire, Upendra Thapa Shrestha, Sanjib Adhikari, Nabaraj Adhikari, Anup Bastola, Komal Raj Rijal, Prakash Ghimire and Megha Raj Banjara

The increasing incidence of methicillin-resistant and biofilm-forming S. aureus isolates in hospital settings is a gruesome concern today. The main objectives of this study were to determine the burden of S. aureus in clinical samples, assess their antibi... see more

Ahamed A Khalyfa, Shil Punatar, Rida Aslam and Alex Yarbrough

Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has... see more

Maria Braoudaki, Kyriaki Hatziagapiou, Apostolos Zaravinos and George I. Lambrou

MYCN Proto-Oncogene, BHLH Transcription Factor (MYCN) has been one of the most studied genes in neuroblastoma. It is known for its oncogenetic mechanisms, as well as its role in the prognosis of the disease and it is considered one of the prominent target... see more

Dhir Gala, Vikram Gurusamy, Krishna Patel, Sreedevi Damodar, Girish Swaminath and Gautam Ullal

Stem cell therapy is a rapidly evolving field of regenerative medicine being employed for the management of various central nervous system disorders. The ability to self-renew, differentiate into specialized cells, and integrate into neuronal networks has... see more

Victoria Ling and Ioannis Zabetakis

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), otherwise known as COVID-19, has challenged healthcare systems at an international level. COVID-19 suppresses the immune system by causing a systemic inflammatory response, also known as cytoki... see more

Thomas P. Monath and Frederick A. Murphy

Elise Aasebø, Annette K. Brenner, Maria Hernandez-Valladares, Even Birkeland, Olav Mjaavatten, Håkon Reikvam, Frode Selheim, Frode S. Berven and Øystein Bruserud

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive bone marrow malignancy, and non-leukemic stromal cells (including mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) are involved in leukemogenesis and show AML-supporting effects. We investigated how constitutive extracellular me... see more

William A. Neill and Rebekah C. Kading

Kaeng Khoi virus (KKV; Order: Bunyavirales), is an endemic viral infection of the wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (Chaerephon plicatus aka Tadarida plicata plicata). Little is known about the ecology and maintenance of KKV within the bat population, nor th... see more

Barbara Polistena, Donato Rigante, Ludovico Luca Sicignano, Elena Verrecchia, Raffaele Manna, Daniela d’Angela and Federico Spandonaro

Fabry disease (FD) is a genetic disease included in the group of lysosomal storage disorders, caused by X-linked deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. The aim of this study was to evaluate different aspects related to the quality of life (QoL) o... see more

Georgios Gaitanis and Ioannis D. Bassukas

Immunocryosurgery is a minimally invasive combinational therapeutic procedure that has been designed, developed, and evaluated in the Dermatology Department of the University of Ioannina from 2004. In a fixed time protocol, this approach combines immune s... see more

Jasneet Parmar, Sharon Anderson, Bonnie Dobbs, Peter George J. Tian, Lesley Charles, Jean Triscott, Jennifer Stickney-Lee, Suzette Brémault-Phillips, Sandy Sereda and Lisa Poole

COVID-19 has had a negative impact on family caregivers, whether the care receivers lived with the caregiver, in a separate community home, in supportive living, or in long-term care. This qualitative study examines the points of view of family caregivers... see more

Jens Schmitz, Sepide Kashefiolasl, Nina Brawanski, Nazife Dinc, Florian Gessler, Christian Senft, Stephanie Tritt, Volker Seifert and Jürgen Konczalla

In about 25% of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a bleeding source cannot be identified during radiological diagnostics. Generally, the outcome of perimesencephalic or prepontine (PM) SAH is known to be significantly better than af... see more

James Edward Trosko

Throughout the history of biological/medicine sciences, there has been opposing strategies to find solutions to complex human disease problems. Both empirical and deductive approaches have led to major insights and concepts that have led to practical prev... see more

Cassandra Millet-Boureima, Caroline C. Ennis, Jurnee Jamison, Shana McSweeney, Anna Park and Chiara Gamberi

Melatonin functions as a central regulator of cell and organismal function as well as a neurohormone involved in several processes, e.g., the regulation of the circadian rhythm, sleep, aging, oxidative response, and more. As such, it holds immense pharmac... see more

Merve Öztekin, Birsen Yilmaz, Duygu Agagündüz and Raffaele Capasso

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a 0.5–1 µm wide, 2–4 µm long, short helical, S-shaped Gram-negative microorganism. It is mostly found in the pyloric region of the stomach and causes chronic gastric infection. It is estimated that these bacteria infect ... see more

Farah Yasmin, Hala Najeeb, Aisha Naeem, Kartik Dapke, Rachana Phadke, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Syed Muhammad Ismail Shah, Domenico De Berardis and Irfan Ullah

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has caused significant destruction, claiming over three million lives worldwide. Post SARS-COV-2 invasion, immunosuppression with hyperglycemia and elevated ferritin levels along with steroidal treatment cr... see more