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ARTICLE
TITLE

Kapital uwagi jako skutek powstania mediów spolecznosciowych

SUMMARY

Attention capital as a result of the emergence of the social mediaIn this paper a theoretical model based on Pierre Bourdieu’s forms of capital is presented. It is applied to an analysis of cultural content production, distribution and consumption mechanisms. It assumes that on the cultural market there is always a social entity mediating between a sender and a receiver – on the one hand as a medium, on the other as institution granting salary to the author. After sketching a historical background, a new type of capital – attention capital – is presented. It has been emerging as a result of the technical development of the mass media and its functioning is profoundly transformed by the social media. Though attention capital (measured, e.g., by the number of likes or comments) is often translatable to other forms of capital, it remains rather autonomous. However, the development of the Internet allows us to broader our choice of content, consistent with our preferences, but the gratification, in form of views, is gained not so much by the author of content, but rather by a person who has shared it. This process is even more noticable in the case of memes, whose authorship often cannot even be established. As a result of the changes on the Internet, the emergence of new form of a sociocultural economy can be noticed. Kapital uwagi jako skutek powstania mediów spolecznosciowychW niniejszym artykule przedstawiony zostaje model teoretyczny oparty na formach kapitalu Pierre’a Bourdieu. Zostaje on zaaplikowany do analizy mechanizmów produkcji, dystrybucji i konsumpcji tresci kulturowych. Obserwujac rynek kultury, nalezy bowiem zauwazyc, ze pomiedzy nadawca a odbiorca kazdorazowo istnieje byt spoleczny zaposredniczajacy odbiór tresci kulturowych – z jednej strony jako medium, z drugiej strony jako instytucja wynagradzajaca autora. Po krótkim rysie historycznym nastepuje prezentacja, w jaki sposób poprzez powstanie technicznych mediów masowych wylania sie nowy typ kapitalu – kapital uwagi. Jego funkcjonowanie zostaje w jeszcze wiekszym stopniu przeksztalcone przez powstanie mediów spolecznosciowych. Choc kapital uwagi (mierzony w wymiernej liczbie wyswietlen, odwiedzin strony, lajków itd.) jest czesto przekladalny na inne formy kapitalu, to sam w sobie jest autonomiczny. Wprawdzie rozwój internetu pozwala nam na szerszy wybór tresci, zgodny z naszymi preferencjami, ale nagrody w postaci wyswietlen (czy komentarzy lub ocen) trafiaja nie tyle do autora materialu, co do osoby, która go udostepnila. Proces ten jest jeszcze wyrazniejszy w przypadku memów, których autorstwa czesto nawet nie sposób ustalic. Obserwujac wylaniajace sie w internecie zjawiska, mozemy w rezultacie mówic o nowej formie spolecznej ekonomii kulturowej.

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