ARTICLE
TITLE

Genomic diversity of beef cattle in Slovakia

SUMMARY

Received: 2020-10-22 Accepted: 2021-02-08 Available online: 2021-02-28https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-apa.11-14The aim of the study was to determine the state of genetic diversity in Charolais and Limousine populations. The analysis wasbased on the panel of 49 629 SNPs that were used for genotyping of 85 individuals. For the assessment of the genetic diversity,the genomic inbreeding coefficient resulting from runs of homozygosity distribution in the genome and linkage disequilibriumbased effective population size (Ne) were calculated. The results reflected a decrease in recent inbreeding (FROH >16 Mb under 1%)compared to historical (FROH >1 Mb in average 6%). The current effective population size was estimated based on the linear regressionusing Ne estimates for 50 generations ago. The effective population size across all analysed animals was 33.05 for Charolais breed(decrease of 4.51 animals per generation) and 7.02 for Limousine breed (decrease of 2.81 animals per generation). The estimationof current Ne indicated the endangered status of assessment populations and referred the need for continuous monitoring toincrease population size but without reducing genetic diversity as a result of inbreeding.Keywords: effective populations size, homozygosity, Charolais, inbreeding, LimousineReferenceAL-MAMUN, H.A. et al. (2015). Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium and genetic diversity in five populations of Australiandomestic sheep. Genetics Selection Evolution, 47(90). DOI: 10.1186/s12711-015-0169-6.BARBATO, M. et al. (2015). SNeP: a tool to estimate trends in recent effective population size trajectories using genome-wideSNP data. Front Genetics, 6, 109. DOI:10.3389/fgene.2015.00109.BOUQUET, A. et al. (2011). Genetic structure of the European Charolais and Limousin cattle metapopulations using pedigreeanalyses. Journal of Animal Science, 89(6), 1719–1730. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3469CHANG, CH. C. et al. (2015). Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets. GigaScience, 4, 7.CURIK, I., FERENCÁKOVIC, M. and SÖLKNER, J. (2014). Inbreeding and runs of homozygosity: A possible solution to an oldproblem. Livestock Science, 166, 26–34.FERENCAKOVIC, M., SÖLKNER, J. and CURIK, I. (2013). Estimating autozygosity from high-throughput information: effects ofSNP density and genotyping errors. Genetics Selection Evolution, 45, 42.FLURY, C. et al. (2010). Effective population size of an indigenous Swiss cattle breed estimated from linkage disequilibrium.Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 127(5), 339-347. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2010.00862.x.FORUTAN, M. et al. (2018). Inbreeding and runs of homozygosity before and after genomic selection in North AmericanHolstein cattle. BMC Genomics, 19, 98.KADLECÍK, O. et al. (2016). Inbreeding and genetic diversity loss of four cattle beef breeds in Slovakia. Acta fytotechn zootechn,19(2), 59–63.KASARDA, R., KUKUCKOVÁ, V. and MORAVCÍKOVÁ, N. (2017). The most important sires in Pinzgau population. Acta fytotechnzootechn, 20(2), 28–30.KELLER, M. C., VISSCHER, P. M. and GODDARD, M. E. (2011). Quantification of inbreeding due to distant ancestors and itsdetection using dense single nucleotide polymorphism data. Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.111.130922LEE, S. H. et al. (2011). Linkage disequilibrium and effective population size in Hanwoo Korean cattle. Asian-Australas. Journalof Animal Science, 34, 1660–1665.LENSTRA, J. A. et al. (2012). Molecular tools and analytical approaches for the characterization of farm animal genetic diversity.Anim Genet., 43, 483–502.LU, D. et al. (2012). Linkage disequilibrium in Angus, Charolais and Crossbred beef cattle. Front. Genet. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2012.00152MÉSZÁROS, G. et al. (2015). Genomic analysis for managing small and endangered populations: a case study in Tyrol Greycattle. Front Genet., 6, 173.METZGER, J. et al. (2015). Runs of homozygosity reveal signatures of positive selection for reproduction traits in breed and nonbreedhorses. BMC Genomics, 16(764). DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1977-3.MORAVCÍKOVÁ, N. et al. (2018) Autozygosity island resulting from artificial selection in slovak spotted cattle. Agriculture &Forestry, 64(4), 21–28.MORAVCÍKOVÁ, N. et al. (2017). Effective Population Size and Genomic Inbreeding in Slovak Pinzgau Cattle. AgriculturaeConspectus Scientifi cus., 82(2), 97–100.PERIPOLLI, E. et al. (2018). Assessment of runs of homozygosity islands and estimates of genomic inbreeding in Gyr (Bos indicus)dairy cattle. BMC Genomics, 19, 34. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4365-3.ŠIDLOVÁ, V. et al. (2015). Genomic variability among cattle populations based on runs of homozygosity. Poljoprivreda, 21(1),44–47.SZMATOLA, T. et al. (2019). A Comprehensive Analysis of Runs of Homozygosity of Eleven Cattle Breeds Representing DifferentProduction Types. Animals, 9, 1024. DOI:10.3390/ani9121024.WRIGHT, S. (1938). Size of population and breeding structure in relation to evolution. Science, 87, 430–431.

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