SUMMARY
The article deals with definite peculiarities of a cognitive activity, the mechanisms of its interconnection with practical activity and communication are analyzed. The learning and scientific cognition, the processes of the scientific knowledge development and creation are considered. The cognitive activity is regarded as the process of new knowledge acquisition by the mechanisms of perception of information, it’s realizing, learning and using in practical activity. The character of interrelation of new knowledge with certain components of the social reality as well as with previous knowledge has been analyzed.