Home  /  Jurnal Agro Ekonomi  /  Vol: 22 Núm: 1 Par: 0 (2004)  /  Article
ARTICLE
TITLE

Analisis Peluang Peningkatan Kesempatan Kerja dan Pendapatan Petani Melalui Pengelolaan Usahatani Bersama

SUMMARY

EnglishPoverty alleviation efforts are not only government responsibility, but also the responsibility of community in general, farmers in particular. This particular research aims to analyse the benefit of group farming systems in increasing production, return and employment opportunity. For this purpose, mathematical programming is used to analyse the benefit of group farming system. Research was conducted in the Patanas villages, two  in West Java and another two in Central Java. Results indicated that patnership among farmers could practically be implemented and could increase production by 5 to 10 percent, profit by 18 to 30 percent and employment opportunity by 20 to 30 percent. Therefore, farmers partnership can assist and could speed up poverty alleviation program in the rural areas. This particular analysis in the same time also indicated that in facts an individual rice field farming is inefficient in terms the use of producton cost, fertilizers aplication and also inefficient in land allocation. Policy implication of this study is that farmers suggested to practice group farming system. It would assure increase in productivity, farmers’ income and employment opportunity. Government role should be placed in social innovation, provide subsidy and credit which can extent and establish this group farming system. Indonesian Pengentasan kemiskinan tidak hanya menjadi tanggungjawab pemerintah tetapi juga masyarakat pada umumnya dan petani pada khususnya. Penelitian ini mencoba melakukan analisis keunggulan pengelolaan usahatani bersama dalam peningkatan produksi, pendapatan dan kesempatan kerja pertanian. Analisis menggunakan ranca-ngan programasi matematika. Penelitian dilakukan di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah masing-masing pada dua desa yang tercakup dalam Patanas. Hasil penelitian memperli-hatkan bahwa kerjasama antar petani layak dilakukan karena dapat meningkatkan produksi sebesar 5-10 persen, meningkatkan keuntungan 18-30 persen, dan kesempatan kerja bertambah sebesar 20-30  persen.  Dengan demikian, kerjasama dapat membantu mempercepat pengentasan kemiskinan di pedesaan. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa usahatani sawah rakyat yang dikelola secara individu tidak efisien karena terbukti penggunaan biaya, pupuk dan alokasi lahan yang boros.  Implikasi kebijakannya adalah para petani harus melakukan kerjasama dalam pengelolaan usahatani, karena tersedia peluang peningkatan produktivitas, pendapatan petani dan kesempatan kerja. Pemerin-tah dapat berperan dalam hal inovasi sosial, subsidi dan kredit yang dapat memperluas dan menumbuhkan kerjasama tersebut.

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