SUMMARY
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been defined as a modern and intense scientific topic that enables computer-based systems or embedded systems to divide and solve problems by simulating complex biological procedures that are represented by specific algorithms along with (learning, reasoning, as well as self-correction). The present study provides a detailed assessment and review of applications of various artificial intelligence approaches for the purpose of improving the general efficiency of optical communication structures and networks and network systems in general. Using the AI-based approaches has been researched at first in the applications that are associated with the optic transmissions, beginning by characterizing and operating the additives of the network for the monitoring of the performance, estimation of transmission quality and nonlinearities mitigation. Ultimately, this study has provided as well a summary of advantages and issues in the optical networks in which artificial intelligence is expected to have an important impact on near future and which represent areas of research expected to be popular in this discipline.