SUMMARY
Lignin has been found as a naturally available aromatic resource for biofuel production. Reducedreliance on fossil fuels and replacement with a green and environmentally friendly strategy arecurrently one of the most pressing challenges. There has been significant growth in energyconsumption, necessitating the transition to an alternative energy source. The current renewableenergy source has significant biofuel production potential. It is critical to discuss the processparameters for pinpointing lignin content as part of the technology development process. Biofuelproduction possesses various challenges that need to be addressed. In this research, we preciselydiscussed the numerous lignin conversion mechanisms that can boost the biofuel output. Catalyticdeoxygenation is a fuel promotion process that decreases the oxygen content, which causesinstability and corrosion. SiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, TiO2, and Al2O3 are used in catalytic deoxygenationto produce biofuel. The use of chosen Al2O3-TiO2 metal oxide catalysts is critical in biofuelproduction. To obtain hemicellulose levels, two-step pretreatments with alkali and acids are used.The constraints, challenges, industrial perspectives, and future outlooks for developing costeffective,energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly procedures for the long-term valorizationof lignocellulosic materials were examined in the conclusion.