SUMMARY
Demographic transition followed by the epidemiological transition have yielded to the transition in health, shown by the changes of mortality pattern due to diseases, number of total fertilities and population Life expectancy. To examine Indonesian health transition, analysis of National Health Survey is conducted, consisting of Morbidity and Mortality studies, Demographic Health Survey, and the 2004 TB Prevalence Survey. The results show the delayed transition with some polarization pattern. Number of infectious disease is still high, resulting from the new-emerging and re-emerging diseases, along with the increase of non communicable diseases. The transitions vary across region. In Java Bali and Surnatera region, non-communicable diseases as population cause of death could be obviously found, whereas in Eastern Indonesia, the causes of death are still dominated by the infectious disease. Behavioral and risk factors for the non communicable disease tend to incline according to the 2001 and 2004 NHHS. Furthermore, a significant relationship is found between those risks factor and the occurrence of non-communicable diseases. The analysis reveals the risk of developing hypertension in smokers is 2.5 times higher than in non smokers. Moreover, the risk of getting hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia is 2.2 and 1.4 times, respectively, higher in less active respondents than in those who have adequate physical activities. Therefore, prevention programs are necessarily required since the increase of the risk factors will represent the emergence of diseases in the future. Keywords: risk factors, transition,