SUMMARY
Topicality. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an extremely common medical and social problem. However, there is no modern understanding of the MS ethiopathogenetic mechanisms. Debates about MS discuss different versions of the development of this symptom complex, when each of the clusters can be primary in the pathogenesis of MS. Therefore, any metabolic processes disorders in the human body are always accompanied with and lead to a changes in quantitative and qualitative microbiocenoses composition, and vice versa, microbiota imbalance may induce the development of pathological states including MS.