ARTICLE
TITLE

“Athlete Weight Loss Methodology and Effects Scale”: Validity and reliability study“Sporcu Kilo Düsme Yöntemleri ve Etkileri Ölçegi”: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalismasi

SUMMARY

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to identify the weight loss methodology preferred by athletes and to determine the effect of the chosen weight loss methodology on themselves. On this purpose, a sample group, composed of athletes from wrestling, boxing, judo, taekwon do, karate and kick-box have been formed. Totally 466 (86 female, 380 male) athletes who especially loose weight previously their matches comprised the sample group of the study.In the analysis part of the study, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to initial version of the scale which had an item pool of 32 item. According to the criteria's 21 item loaded on 5 factor which had eigen value over 1 remained. Factors were named as “Physical Effects” (items; 10, 12, 13, 14, 11), “Psychological Effects” (items; 19, 17, 18, 15, 16), “Ergogenical Support” (items; 8, 9, 7),  "Diet" (items; 2, 3, 1) and "Dehydration" (items; 6, 5, 4). In the evaluation of items 5 point Likert type scale was used. The Cronbach's alpha values of the factors ranged between .56 and .86. Total scale's Cronbach's alpha value was .74. The correlation tests between factors revealed significant positive correlation, (p<0.01).As a result, "Athlete Weight Loss Methodologies and Effects Scale" comprised of 19 items grouped under 5 factors revealed a valid and reliable construct, which can be used as an instrument in scientific research studies aimed to determine the preferred weight loss procedures athletes use and the effect of the conducted weight loss methodology on their performance. ÖzetBu çalisma; müsabakalar öncesi kilo düsen sporcularin tercih ettikleri kilo düsme yöntemlerini ve bu yöntemlerden etkilenme düzeylerini belirleyecek bir ölçüm araci gelistirmek amaci ile yapilmistir. Bu amaç dogrultusunda örneklem grubu, Güres, Boks, Halter, Judo, Taekwondo, Karate ve Kickboks sporu yapan, özellikle müsabakalar öncesi kilo düsen 86’si kadin ve 380’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 466 sporculardan olusmustur.Çalismada 32 maddelik soru havuzu olusturulan ölçege, Açiklayici ve Dogrulayici Faktör Analizi yapilmis ve 19 maddenin, öz degeri 1’den büyük 5 faktör altinda toplandigi saptanmistir. Bu faktörler, “Fizyolojik Etkiler” (10,12,13,14,11), “Psikolojik Etkiler” (19,17,18,15,16), “Ergojenik Yardim” (8,9,7),  Diyet (2,3,1) ve Sivi Kaybi (6,5,4) alt boyutlari olarak adlandirilmistir. Ölçek maddelerinin degerlendirilmesinde bes noktali derecelendirme tipi (1= hiçbir zaman - 5 = her zaman) degerlendirme ölçeginden faydalanilmistir. Ölçegin alfa güvenirlik kat sayilari incelendiginde; Fiziksel Etkiler a=0.80, Psikolojik Etkiler a=0.69,  Ergojenik Yardim a=0.86, Diyet a=0.81 ve Sivi Kaybi  a=0.56 olarak tespit edilmistir. Toplam ölçegin alfa degeri ise a=0.74 bulunmustur. Sonuç olarak yapilan geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda 5 alt boyut ve 19 maddeden olusan “Sporcu Kilo Düsme Yöntemleri ve Etkileri Ölçegi” özellikle kilo düsen sporcularin kilo düsme yöntemleri ve bu yöntemlerden etkilenme düzeylerinin belirlenmesine yönelik yapilacak ölçümlerde geçerli ve güvenilir olarak kabul edilmistir.

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