ARTICLE
TITLE

Restructuring in a Mesolect: A Case Study on the Basis of the Formal Variation of the Infinitive in Ukrainian–Russian Surzhyk

SUMMARY

Restructuring in a Mesolect: A Case Study on the Basis of the Formal Variation of the Infinitive in Ukrainian–Russian SurzhykIn addition to Ukrainian and Russian, Ukraine is linguistically characterized by a Ukrainian–Russian mixed speech called Surzhyk. Given the background of Ukrainian–Russian relations and the emancipation of Ukrainian from the previously dominant Russian, Surzhyk has become the subject of an emotional discussion in independent Ukraine. The majority of Ukrainian scholars working with pre-Labovian and implicit theoretical sociolinguistic (and contact linguistic) models view the distribution of Ukrainian and Russian elements in Surzhyk as spontaneous and chaotic. Furthermore, Surzhyk – together with many who use it – has been widely stigmatized, even by linguists, as a post-colonial legacy from the times of Russian and Soviet dominance.Taking as an example the forms of verb infinitives, a corpus-based quantitative analysis of about 10,000 instances evidences that Surzhyk shows a considerable degree of stabilization in the use of competing morphological forms. This stabilization can be interpreted best as an instance of structure building in a mesolect between Ukrainian dialects on the one hand and, on the other hand, Russian and (to a certain degree) Ukrainian standard languages in competing roles during the recent history of Ukraine.Restrukturyzacja w mezolekcie. Studium przypadku na podstawie formalnej wariacji bezokolicznika w ukrainsko-rosyjskim surzykuOprócz jezyka ukrainskiego i rosyjskiego na Ukrainie wystepuje ukrainsko-rosyjska mowa mieszana o nazwie surzyk. Biorac pod uwage tlo stosunków ukrainsko-rosyjskich i emancypacje jezyka ukrainskiego wobec dominujacego wczesniej jezyka rosyjskiego, surzyk stal sie przedmiotem emocjonalnej dyskusji w niepodleglej Ukrainie. Wiekszosc ukrainskich badaczy pracujacych w oparciu o przedlabowskie (W. Labov) oraz implicite teoretyczne modele socjolingwistyczne (i lingwistyki kontaktowej) postrzega rozklad elementów ukrainskich i rosyjskich w surzyku jako spontaniczny i chaotyczny. Co wiecej, surzyk – jak tez wiele osób, które go uzywaja – jest powszechnie pietnowany, nawet przez jezykoznawców, jako postkolonialna spuscizna z czasów rosyjskiej i radzieckiej dominacji.Biorac za przyklad formy bezokoliczników, analiza ilosciowa oparta na korpusie, obejmujaca okolo 10 000 przypadków, dowodzi, ze surzyk wykazuje znaczny stopien stabilizacji w uzyciu konkurencyjnych form morfologicznych. Stabilizacje te mozna najlepiej zinterpretowac jako przyklad budowania struktury w mezolekcie pomiedzy dialektami ukrainskimi z jednej strony, a standardowym jezykiem rosyjskim i (do pewnego stopnia) ukrainskim w konkurencyjnych rolach w najnowszej historii Ukrainy z drugiej.  

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Revista: Language Circle