SUMMARY
Mass vaccination is the collective achievement of immunization practice, using strategies such as campaigns, task forces and locks, made without considering the epidemic risks and other issues, resulting in the loss of autonomy and vulnerability of individuals. This study aims to conduct a discussion regarding the practice of mass vaccination from the perspective of bioethics principialist considered the role of the state and the cultural aspects of this practice. This is a review of literature with time frame 1999-2013 in national journals. It was concluded that occurs devaluation of ethical principles related to autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice, as well as a disregard of cultural aspects of vaccinees by the state and health professionals. The state is still the biggest supporter of mass vaccination practices by being simpler measures of disease prevention since there is still a precarious health infrastructure in the country, however, although, it would be necessary to stimulate public awareness and the improvement of sanitary control that would be long-term options needed for certain places if they stopped this practice.