ARTICLE
TITLE

Structure and meaning features of the root verbs in TurkishTürkiye Türkçesindeki kök fiillerin yapi ve anlam özellikleri

SUMMARY

Turkish is a rich language in terms of verb types and words. This research is limited to Turkish spoken in Turkey, and its verb roots. Turkish dictionary of Turkish Language Association (2011) is the main source of this study. This study was prepared by taking into account of written, audio and visual resources during the period of Turkish spoken in Turkey. From basic education to university education, this dictionary is one of the most important sources of Turkish lessons. Within this framework, the verb roots that are in the dictionary have been accepted as Turkish spoken in Turkey’s verb roots and study field were established. The number of verb roots which wasn’t encountered in any source, including Turkish language grammar books previously, were determined in this study and these verb roots were classified in terms of structure and meaning. In terms of structure, the verb roots consist of at least two sounds at most six sounds but among these verb roots three-and four-sounded ones are outnumbered. And also in terms of their meaning features single and multi meaning verb roots are determined. In addition to this, this study focuses on the mental verb roots which have also drawn attention on them by the recently done Turkish researches and emphasized on the root verbs. This study was carried out on the basis of common methods in Turkish studies, but in the objective and outcome parts the lack of Turkish course books and teaching Turkish verb roots are emphasized. Verb type words in general in all languages but in particularly in Turkish form the staff of the basic words of Turkish language. In terms of Turkish which is an agglutinative language, affixes are as important as word roots. Turkish language that is rich in affixes and roots has a productive character. Attention was taken to this aspect of Turkish with the help of verb roots All in all, the subject of this study deserves to be highlighted in many ways. Besides providing new research data, emphasis was made in terms of teaching Turkish and aimed to contribute to the world of science.Özet Türkçe fiil türü sözcükler bakimindan oldukça zengin bir dildir. Bu arastirma Türkiye Türkçesinin kök fiilleriyle sinirlandirilmistir. Çalismanin temel kaynagini Türk Dil Kurumu Türkçe Sözlük (2011) olusturmaktadir. Bu eser, Türkiye Türkçesi dönemindeki yazili, sesli ve görsel kaynaklar dikkate alinarak hazirlanmistir. Temel egitimden üniversiteye kadar bu sözlük Türkçe derslerinin esas kaynaklarindan birini olusturmaktadir. Bu anlayis çerçevesinde, sözlükteki kök fiiller, Türkiye Türkçesinin kök fiilleri kabul edilmis ve çalisma alani olusturulmustur. Daha önce Türkçe ders ve Türkçe dil bilgisi kitaplari dâhil hiçbir kaynakta karsilasilmamis olan kök fiillerin sayisi bu arastirmayla belirlenmis ve ortaya çikan kök fiiller yapi ve anlam bakimindan tasnif edilmistir. Yapi bakimindan kök fiiller en az iki sesten en fazla da alti sesten olusmaktadir. Bunlar içinde en fazla olanlar ise üç ve dört sesli olanlardir. Anlam özellikleri bakimindan da tek ve çok anlamli olan kök fiiller belirlenmistir. Bunlara ek olarak, Türkçe arastirmalarinda yakin zamanlarda dikkat çekmeye baslayan mental fiil konusuna dikkat çekilmis ve mental kök fiiller üzerinde de durulmustur. Çalisma Türkçe arastirmalarinda yaygin olan yöntemler esas alinarak gerçeklestirilmis, ancak amaç ve sonuçlarda Türkçe ders kitaplari ve Türkçe ögretiminde kök fiiller konusuyla ilgili dikkat çeken eksiklikleri vurgulanmistir. Fiil türü sözcükler, genelde dillerin özelde de Türkçenin temel sözcük kadrosunu olusturur. Sondan eklemeli bir dil olan Türkçe açisindan ekler kadar sözcük kökleri de önemli bir yere sahiptir. Ek ve kök yönünden zengin bir yapiya sahip olan Türkçe üretken karakterli bir dildir. Kök fiiller özelinden Türkçenin bu yönüne de dikkat çekilmeye çalisilmistir. Sonuçta bu çalismanin konusu pek çok yönden üzerinde durulmayi hak etmektedir. Bu çalismada yeni arastirmalar için derli toplu veri sunmanin yaninda, konuya Türkçenin egitimi ögretimi açisindan vurgu yapilmis ve bilim dünyasina katkida bulunmak hedeflenmistir.

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