ARTICLE
TITLE

External motivations scale for sport spectators (EMSSS) and internal motivations scale for sport spectators (IMSSS) validity and reliability studySpor seyircileri için dissal güdü ölçegi (SSIDGÖ) ve spor seyircileri için içsel güdü ölçegi (SSIIGÖ) geçerlik ve güvenilirlik çalismasi

SUMMARY

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess the sport spectators’ motives to watch sporting events. The sample group was composed of 415 students who were sampled through convenient sampling method.Initially, a literature review was done in the scale development process. Then, a semi-constructed qualitative interview was conducted with 12 groups (n=75). Based upon the data an item pool was formed and expert views were obtained accordingly. A pool with 113 items, in light of the feedbacks, was eventually reached ready. The items were divided into two groups.  External factors were composed of 48 items and internal factors group included 65 items. According to the exploratory factor analysis, which was conducted for the 48 items composing the External Motivations for Sport Spectators Scale, 34 items were grouped under 9 factors which had eigenvalues over 1.  The Cronbach’s Alpha value for the total scale was .92. In the analysis of the Internal Motivations for Sport Spectators Scale, which was composed of 65 items, 40 items were grouped under 7 factors which had eigenvalues over 1. The Cronbach’s Alpha value of the total scale was .96.  In conclusion, “External Motivations Scale for Sport Spectators (EMSSS)” and “Internal Motivations Scale for Sport Spectators (IMSSS)” were found to be a valid and reliable instrument.  ÖzetBu çalismanin amaci spor seyircilerinin spor müsabakalarini seyretme güdülerini belirlemek için kullanilacak bir ölçüm araci gelistirmektir. Arastirmaninin örneklem grubu ulasilabilir örneklem yolu ile seçilen 415 ögrenciden olusmustur.Ölçeklerin gelistirilme sürecinde öncelikle literatür taramasi gerçeklestirilmistir. Sonrasinda 12 grupla (n=75) yari yapilandirilmis nitel görüsme yapilmistir. Edinilen bilgilere göre madde havuzu olusturulmustur ve uzman görüsleri alinmistir.  Gelen dönütlerle madde havuzu 113 maddeli olarak hazirlanmistir. Maddeler içsel ve dissal faktörler olarak gruplara ayrilmistir. Dissal faktörler 48, içsel faktörler ise 65 maddeden olusmustur. Açiklayici Faktör Analizi’nin kullanildigi Seyirciler Için Dissal Faktörler Ölçegi için test edilen 48 maddeden 34’ünün öz degerinin 1’den büyük dokuz faktör altinda toplandigi görülmüstür. Toplam ölçegin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlilik degeri a=0,92 olarak bulunmustur. Seyirciler Için Içsel faktörler Ölçegi için ise analize alinan 65 maddeden 40’inin öz degerinin 1’den büyük yedi faktör altinda toplandigi belirlenmistir. Toplam ölçegin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlilik degerleri ise a=0,96’dir.Sonuç olarak “Spor Seyircileri Için Dissal Güdü Ölçegi (SSIDGÖ)” ve “Spor Seyircileri Için Içsel Güdü Ölçegi (SSIIGÖ)”nin yapilan analizler dogrultusunda geçerli ve güvenilir oldugu kabul edilmistir.

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