SUMMARY
For the first time ever characteristics of energy industrial wastes as an example of ash from the combustion of Pavlogradskij coal at Ladyzhynskaya TPP (Ukraine) was given. The structure of investigated microbial coenosis ash was presented by acidophilic chemolithotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria, as mesophilic and moderately thermophilic. During the study high activity of the consortium of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria was determined. Confirmed the leading role bacteria of the genus Acidithiobacillus, including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, in the process of metal leaching. The obtained new knowledge about the structure and leaching activity of their own microbiota of ash from the burning of coal formed the basis for the development of a unified multi-stage technology bacterial leaching of valuable components from waste energy industry.