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1.870.199  Articles
1 of 187.021 pages  |  10  records  |  more records»
Introduction: The ageing of populations is evident in most developed countries, and the oldest old group is one of the segments with the fastest growing. The aim of this paper is to examine sociodemographic and health related characteristics of the portug... see more

Diverse drought indices have been developed and used across the globe to assess and monitor droughts. Among them, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) are drought indices that have been recently developed and a... see more

Aims of the study: to assess the frequency of symptomatic Covid-19 in home dialysis patients and its influence on the number of patients treated at home in dialysis units of centers included in the French-speaking peritoneal and home hemodialysis Registry... see more

Like several other sub-topics of urban planning and mobility research, research on the impacts of (urban) transportation on energy consumption is mainly based on the outcomes of studies on high-income and often Western countries. Developing countries and ... see more

This study considers the development and reform of the anti-dumping regime in Brazil as a ratification example of the multilateral trading system proposed by the World Trade Organization (WTO). Brazil's history of leadership in the WTO Rounds, as well as ... see more

Inmunopatología de la influenza A H1N1 / Immunology of the Influenza A H1N1 infectionInmunopatología de la influenza A H1N1 / Immunology of the Influenza A H1N1 infectionSe realiza una actualización sobra la virología e inmunología en la infección por el virus  A H1N1.  La primera epidemia del siglo XXI fue declarada por la OMS el 9 de junio de 2009.  H1N1 es un nuevo virus de la influenza A con elevada contagiosidad lo que ha influido en la velocidad de propagación de la infección entre los diferentes países y ha propiciado una alta morbimortalidad.  La característica de su genoma (ARN), al estar constituido por 8 fragmentos, interviene en la replicación viral defectuosa y en el proceso de flujo y cambio antigénico, con rearreglo genético que causa la aparición de nuevas cepas del virus.  La inducción ineficiente de interferón por la célula hospedera, el débil papel de los anticuerpos neutralizantes en la primoinfección, y la liberación de citoquinas proinflamatorias, sumado a las sobreinfecciones bacterianas condicionan la alta morbilidad y mortalidad que se incrementa en determinadas condiciones de comorbilidad de los individuos infectados.  Los cambios que ocurren en los antígenos virales impiden el reconocimiento por el sistema inmune., y ahí radica la dificultad para la preparación definitiva de una vacuna.  Entender la inmunopatología de la infección, así como divulgar esta información a la comunidad científica, constituye el paso inicial para la toma de decisiones a favor de evitar la propagación de la infección.Palabras clave. Gripe humana/prevención & y control, Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología/patogenicidad, MUTACIÓN/genética ABSTRACTAn update about the virology and immunology of the Influenza A H1N1 infection is made.  The first epidemic of the XXIth century was addresses by WHO on June 9th, 2009.  H1N1 is a new virus of the Influenza A, showing increased infection, thereby influencing on the spreading speed of the infection among different countries leading to high morbidity and mortality.  The viral genome (RNA), being formed of 8 fragments, works for a defective viral replication and on the process of antigenic flux and change, having a genetic rearrangement causing the appearance of new viral strains.  The inefficient induction of interferon, the weak role of neutralizing antibodies in the prime-infection, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, added to the bacterial superimposed infections will condition the high morbidity and mortality that are increased in certain comorbid conditions of the infected individuals.  Changes occurring on viral antigens avoid the reconnaissance of the virus by the immune system, then the difficulty to make a proper vaccine.   Understanding the immunopathology of this infection, so as the divulgation of this information to the scientific community, are the initial steps for the taking of decisions to favor the avoiding of the infection spreading.Key words: Human influenza/prevention & control, Influenza A virus/inmunology/pathogenicity, MUTATION/genetics.

ABSTRACTAn update about the virology and immunology of the Influenza A H1N1 infection is made.  The first epidemic of the XXIth century was addresses by WHO on June 9th, 2009.  H1N1 is a new virus of the Influenza A, showing increased infection,... see more

ÉSUMÉÀ l’ère des traitements combinés antirétroviraux, les affections opportunistes digestives, notamment les ulcères œsophagiens sont de plus en plus décrits, surtout dans les pays en voie de développement. Les facteurs favorisant leur développement sont... see more

Background and Objective: Breast cancer incidence is increasing and it is highest in low income countries. The main challenge is regarding awareness, screening, late presentation and its management in a third-world country. Our objective was to share the ... see more

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Negara-negara Muslim dalam merespon permasalahan yang timbul dalam Konvensi Internasional tentang Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), serta bagaimana Pemerintah Indonesia menyelesaikan permasalahan terkait tindak pid... see more

1 of 187.021 pages  |  10  records  |  more records»