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Sarcoidoisis ocular: presentación de un caso / Ocular Sarcoidosis: a case reportSarcoidoisis ocular: presentación de un caso / Ocular Sarcoidosis: a case reportLa sarcoidosis es una enfermedad granulomatosa multifactorial que afecta principalmente ganglios linfaticos, pulmones, piel, ojos, hígado, bazo y parótidas. Con menor frecuencia también puede afectar el sistema nervioso central, corazón, tracto respiratorio alto y hueso. No es frecuente en Pinar del Río observar  complicaciones oftalmológicas en la sarcoidosis.  Objetivo: Reportar el primer caso de sarcoidosis con complicaciones oculares y tratamiento de las mismas.   Presentación de caso: Paciente masculino de 55 años que fue ingresado por un síndrome general y que se diagnosticó como portador de sarcoidosis en la UCI del  Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado que además presentaba complicaciones  oftalmológicas graves tales como: atalamia bilateral, hipotonía ocular, ausencia de lágrimas, queratitis, desdoblamiento corneal con degeneración del tercio inferior de la misma, cataratas, sinequias posteriores y disminución de la agudeza visual bilateral.   Ante la gravedad del estado ocular se recurrió a medidas quirúrgicas como la aplicación intra cameral de sustancia visco elástica para reponer el tono ocular; se usaron además lágrimas artificiales, esteroides  sistémicos y tópicos, midriáticos.   Se  logró preservar la morfología ocular y poder posteriormente, tratar las cataratas,  preservándole una visión útil, con alta calidad de vida.Palabras Clave: Sarcoidosis, granuloma, oftalmopatías/complicaciones.ABSTRACTSarcoidosis is a multifactorial granulomatose disease that affects lymphatic ganglia, lungs, skin, eyes, liver, spleen and parotids.  It rarely affects central nervous system, heart, upper respiratory tract and bones. Ophthalmic-sarcoidosis complications are not frequently found in Pinar del Rio province, Cuba. Objective: To report the first case presented with sarcoidosis with ocular complications and treatment. Case: A 55 years-old male patient was admitted in the ICU ("Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital) presenting a general syndrome and diagnosed as a carrier of Sarcoidosis with severe ophthalmic complications such as: bilateral athalamia, ocular hypotonia, absence of tears, keratitis, corneal unfold with degeneration of the inferior third of it, cataracts, posterior synechia and decrease of the bilateral visual acuteness. Due to the severity of the ocular conditions surgical measures were taken:  an intra-chamber elastic-viscous substance was applied to replace the ocular tone; using also artificial tears, systemic, topic and mydriatic steroids. Ocular morphology was protected to facilitate the treatment of cataracts and preserving the usefulness of vision with quality of life. Key words: Sarcoidosis, granuloma, eye diseases/complications.

SUMMARY

ABSTRACTSarcoidosis is a multifactorial granulomatose disease that affects lymphatic ganglia, lungs, skin, eyes, liver, spleen and parotids.  It rarely affects central nervous system, heart, upper respiratory tract and bones. Ophthalmic-sarcoidosis complications are not frequently found in Pinar del Rio province, Cuba. Objective: To report the first case presented with sarcoidosis with ocular complications and treatment. Case: A 55 years-old male patient was admitted in the ICU ("Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital) presenting a general syndrome and diagnosed as a carrier of Sarcoidosis with severe ophthalmic complications such as: bilateral athalamia, ocular hypotonia, absence of tears, keratitis, corneal unfold with degeneration of the inferior third of it, cataracts, posterior synechia and decrease of the bilateral visual acuteness. Due to the severity of the ocular conditions surgical measures were taken:  an intra-chamber elastic-viscous substance was applied to replace the ocular tone; using also artificial tears, systemic, topic and mydriatic steroids. Ocular morphology was protected to facilitate the treatment of cataracts and preserving the usefulness of vision with quality of life. Key words: Sarcoidosis, granuloma, eye diseases/complications.

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