ARTICLE
TITLE

Electronic Gambling Machines Outside Casinos: An Environmental Study of Risk Factors in Gambling Venues

SUMMARY

Electronic gambling machine (EGM) licenses are meant to be a complementary revenue source for liquor establishments. Considering this, retailers with more than one license to operate EGMs may benefit from promoting their gambling offer, which may in turn facilitate excessive gambling behaviours. This study compares establishments that possess a single license to operate EGMs with those that are multi-licensed regarding four environmental risk factors: advertisements, automated teller machines, isolated gambling area, and EGM operating hours. A field observation was carried out by seven pairs of observers in 166 establishments in Capitale-Nationale de Quebec (QC), Canada. In each establishment, observers had to complete an observational grid on an iPod touch to gather environmental data related to the identified variables. Results from the stepwise logistic regression show that being a multi-licensed establishment increases the chance of having longer operating hours and displaying non-regulated advertisements that promote gambling. Multi-licensed establishments tend to offer a more attractive gambling environment, which may increase the risk of excessive gambling. Reinforcement of regulations for responsible gambling is discussed.RésuméPour les établissements ayant un permis d’alcool, posséder une licence d’exploitation d’appareils de jeux électroniques (AJE) se traduit par un revenu complémentaire. De ce fait, les détaillants ayant plus d’une licence d’exploitation d’AJE peuvent tirer parti de la promotion de leur offre de jeu, ce qui, en retour, peut encourager des comportements de jeu excessifs. Cette étude compare les établissements qui détiennent une seule licence d’exploitation d’AJE avec ceux qui en détiennent plusieurs en tenant compte de quatre facteurs de risque environnementaux : la publicité, les guichets automatiques, la zone de jeu isolée et les heures d’exploitation des AJE. Une observation sur le terrain a été effectuée par sept paires d’observateurs dans 166 établissements de Capitale-Nationale de Québec (QC), Canada. Dans chaque établissement, ils ont recueilli des données environnementales liées aux variables identifiées qu’ils ont compilées dans une grille d’observation sur un iPod touch. Les résultats du modèle logistique utilisant la régression séquentielle montrent que le fait, pour un établissement, d’avoir plusieurs licences augmente la possibilité de prolonger les heures d’exploitation et d’afficher des publicités non réglementées qui font la promotion du jeu. Les établissements ayant plusieurs licences ont tendance à offrir un environnement de jeu plus attrayant, ce qui peut accroître le risque de jeu excessif. Un resserrement des règles pour une réglementation responsable du jeu est à l’étude.

 Articles related

Tony Schellinck,Tracy Schrans,Heather Schellinck,Michael Bliemel    

This is the first of two papers describing the development of the FocaL Adult Gambling Screen for Electronic Gambling Machine players (FLAGS-EGM). FLAGS-EGM is a measurement approach for identifying gambling risk, a tool that incorporates separate reflec... see more


Rory A. Pfund,Meredith K. Ginley,James P. Whelan,Samuel C. Peter,Briana S. Wynn,Matthew T. Suda,Andrew W. Meyers    

Social influence affects college students’ gambling behaviours. However, few studies have experimentally investigated the influence of social interaction on college students’ gambling behaviour, and those studies that have yielded mixed findings. Women c... see more


Stergios Xouridas,Johannes Jasny,Tilman Becker    

In Germany, gambling research has primarily focused on the broader population in prevalence studies, neglecting the importance and influence of the local socioeconomic context in the development and maintenance of gambling disorders. To analyze the inter... see more


Madeleine Zoglauer,Robert Czernecka,Gerhard Bühringer,Roxana Kotter,Anja Kräplin    

Although it is often regarded as obvious, the exact nature of the relationship between gambling availability and gambling behaviour or disordered gambling remains unclear. However, disordered gambling is an important public health issue and restrictions ... see more


Serge Chevalier,Mark Griffiths    

In a previous issue of the Electronic Journal of Gambling Issues, Griffiths (2001) raised 10 speculative reasons as to why so few adolescents enrol for treatment programs when compared with adults. This paper explores the issue a little further with anot... see more