ARTICLE
TITLE

Cross-Border Ukrainian-Hungarian Cooperation in the Sphere of Tourism

SUMMARY

The work deals with specificities of Ukrainian/Hungarian cross-border cooperation. To begin with, legislative and regulatory frameworks that permitted functioning of Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Moldova within the Carpathian EuroRegion have been described, and key literature sources related to topicality and efficiency of cross-border tourism development were analyzed. Major focus was thus given to disclosure of trends in Ukrainian -Hungarian cross-border tourism, which presupposed the analysis of statistical data related to tourism flows. The figures of the last-decade Ukrainian and Hungarian outbound and inbound tourism are presented and discussed. As was established, tourism flows from Ukraine to Hungary underwent significant changes in the last 10 years showing a 62% growth from 2006 to 2016 (from 1 790 008 to 2 893 370 people). The greatest departure intensity was observed since 2013 with average annual gain by 200-300 thousand people. Instead, the Hungary-to-Ukraine direction is specific for instability throughout the whole period of observations. It was 1–1,2 million Hungarians who annually visited Ukraine in 2006–2008. In particular, organized tourism shared 8% out of the wholeflow in 2006. Beginning from 2007, this share declined to 1% and stayed unchanged through the next five years. Insignificant decrease in tourist arrivals to Ukraine was in 2009-2014. The last 3 years witness some growth of tourist flows at a rate of 200 thousand people annually on the average. Since all present-day trends observed in the market of cross-border tourism services are connected with realization of programs for cross-border cooperation, the effect of such programs (in particular, those to support implementation and development of recreation/tourism infrastructure in Zakarpattia Oblast in Ukraine and the Megye of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg in Hungary) was assessed. It was established that both regions possess considerable natural, historic-cultural and architectural potentials that are well worth the efforts to develop tourism infrastructure and realize cross-border routes. Perspective directions of cross-bordertourism development were outlined to be as follows: sports/rehabilitative and adventure tourism; green rural tourism; ecotourism; treatment/health-improving tourism; enogastronomy; religious tourism; educational tourism with accentuation on monuments of history, archaeology, culture and ethnography; and event tourism.

 Articles related