SUMMARY
This article examines the relevance of natural capital in a country's economy and what is the impact caused by exports, especially in natural resources, can have on the health of the economy and its accumulation of wealth. Natural capital, in this way, is of double significance, as it contributes to a country's set of fixed capital, also understood as part of its assets, in addition to assisting in the calculation of the impacts in the environment, that is not always reversible. The discussion is performed through the rescue of the main scientific articles related to the theme. This study is relevant given the current moment when natural resources are proven to be scarcer and their impacts are felt both in the economy and in the well-being of society.