Home  /  Slavia Meridionalis  /  Núm: Vol12 Par: 0 (2012)  /  Article
ARTICLE
TITLE

Hrvatski nacionalni identitet i Europska unija

SUMMARY

Croatian national identity and the European Union The permanent anthropological determinant of men which provides them with a feeling of social security is the feeling of belonging to a larger group of people. Various forms of such affiliations existed in the past. They represent older types of collective relationships, such as tribes, the Greek poleis, medieval kingdoms and the like. All of them exhibit the fundamental features of the “structure” of identity. Nowadays, Croatia being at the doorstep of the Euro­pean Union, the issue of national identity becomes a matter of its internal structure that re­sists integration, yet seeking to become a part of the “European identity structure”. Croatia’s scepticism towards the EU stems from the questions of whether the European identity exists and which possibilities for preserving all the structural elements of Croatian national identity, including language as the main aspect, exist within the European Union. The territory, lan­guage and customs acquire defensive features that are becoming increasingly disintegrating and decreasingly integrating in the multi-ethnic Europe. Chorwacka tozsamosc narodowa i Unia Europejska Trwala determinanta antropologiczna czlowieka, dajaca mu poczucie bezpieczenstwa spo­lecznego, jest swiadomosc przynaleznosci do wiekszej grupy. Niegdys istnialy rózne formy takiej przynaleznosci, a mianowicie starsze typy zwiazków spolecznych, jak plemiona, greckie polis, sredniowieczne królestwa itd. Wspólczesnie te formy przynaleznosci zbiorowej sa zwiazane ze struktura narodowa, z panstwem-narodem lub tez ze struktura ponadnarodowa, jaka jest Unia Europejska. W kazdej z nich mozna znalezc podstawowe cechy strukturalne w postaci tozsamosci narodowej lub ponadnarodowej. Obecnie, kiedy Chorwacja oczekuje na przyjecie do Unii Euro­pejskiej, kwestia tozsamosci narodowej staje sie sprawa jej wewnetrznej struktury, która stawia opór integracji, ale jednoczesnie chce byc czescia ponadnarodowej „tozsamosci europejskiej”. Sceptycyzm Chorwacji wobec UE wynika ze stawianych pytan: czy istnieje tozsamosc europej­ska i jakie sa mozliwosci zachowania wszystkich elementów chorwackiej konstrukcji tozsamosci narodowej z jezykiem jako jej glównym komponentem w obrebie Unii Europejskiej? Terytorium, jezyk i zwyczaje zyskuja bowiem cechy defensywne, stajac sie w wieloetnicznej Europie czynni­kiem coraz bardziej dezintegrujacym, a nie sluzacym integracji.

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