ARTICLE
TITLE

The Representation of the Epic Time Concept in Yakut Olonkho and Turkic-Mongolian Epics of Siberia: Structural Models

SUMMARY

The relevance of this article is justified by the increasing interest in studying epic texts; in this regard, the problem of conceptual structure still requires some insight. The present study discusses a novel topic in which fixed formulas of epic TIME serve as the object of cognitive analysis. These fixed formulas have not yet been studied from the point of the EPIC TIME concept. The purpose of this research is to single out the concept structure of EPIC TIME in Yakut olonkho and Turkic-Mongolian epics of Siberia and to compare their universal and national features. The following sources served as the basis for the analysis: three olonkho texts, which represent the main regions where the Yakut epics take place and A Guide of Typical Heroic Epic Locations of the Peoples of Siberia by E.N. Kuzmina.The study of the concept structure of EPIC TIME was achieved using the method of singling out lexicographic definitions of the epic formula components in the macro-context. Implementing the method of structural modeling in the research, models of concept structures which form the basis of the epic TIME semantic formulas were singled out. The temporal concept structure is based on the rhythmic and syntactic parallelisms and literal repetitions in the epic TIME formulas. The correlation of rhythmic and syntactic parallelisms and literal repetitions helps to explain the aspects of epic TIME. The singled out concept structures are further compared using the concept analysis method.Having analyzed the definition to the concept of EPIC TIME in Yakut olonkho and Turkic-Mongolian epics of Siberia, it became apparent that there is a convergence between the two epics on the grammatical level of analysis. However, there are also instances of implicit differences in the analyzed concepts. These instances are located in the deep structure of the concepts. First of all, TIME measurement units do not coincide with each other; secondly, the initial storyline points and the directiveness of the EPIC TIME do not match; thirdly, the secondary and indirect attributes, which assist in positioning the EPIC TIME, do not coincide.

PAGES
pp. 108 - 118

 Articles related

??????? [Vitomir] ???????? [Mitevski]    

The Akritic Hero in Byzantine and Macedonian Epic PoetryComparative analysis of the most prominent heroic characters of Byzantine (Armouris and Digenes) and Macedonian (King Marko) epic poetry uncovers numerous contact points that reveal the close relati... see more


Ida Rochani Adi    

This research is intended to show the sustainability of epic in latest years of human history through the most phenomenal fantasy in American literature, A Game of Thrones. Along with the capability of human beings in thinking dearly and sensibly, it is ... see more

Revista: Humaniora

Dmytro Drozdovskyi    

In the paper, the forms of critical perception of reality inherent to the protagonists of contemporary British novels (“The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time”, “Carry Me Down”, “Little Stranger”, etc.) have been discussed. The author has anal... see more


Gamze Çelik    

“Visual literacy is education that enhances understanding of the role and function of images in representation and communication, especially in the media.” (Newfield 2011:82). Debes (1969:27) said that; “ Visual Literacy refers to a group of vision-compe... see more


ARIETI, James. Rape and Livy’s view of Roman History. In: DEACY, Susan; PIERCE, Karen. Rape in Antiquity. London: Bristol Classical Press, 1997, p. 209-229. BADIAN, Ernst. A Phantom Marriage Law. Philologus, v. 129, p. 82-98, 1985. BALMACEDA, Catalina. The Virtues of Tiberius in Velleius’ Histories. Historia, v. 63, n. 3, p. 340-363, 2014. BALMACEDA, Catalina. Virtus Romana: Politics and Morality in the Roman Historians. Chapel Hill. University of North Carolina Press. 2017. BATSTONE, William.The Antithesis of Virtue: Sallust’s Syncrisis and the Crisis of the Late Republic. Classical Antiquity, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-29, 1988. BOUVRIE, Synnve. Augustus’ Legislation on Morals which morals and what aims? Symbolae Osloenses, v. 59, p. 93-113, 1984. BRUNO, Luigi. Crimen, regni e superbia in Tito Livio. Giornale Italiano di Filologia v. 19, p. 236-259, 1966. CHAPLIN, Jane. Livy’s Exemplary History. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000. CHAPLIN, Jane. Livy’s Use of Exempla. In: MINEO, Bernard. A Companion to Livy. Malden and Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2015, p. 102-112. CLAASSEN, Jo-Marie. The Familiar Other: the pivotal role of women in Livy’s narrative of political development in early Rome. Acta Classica, v. 41, p. 71-103, 1988. CLARK, Anna. Divine Qualities, Cult and Community in Republican Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.COMBER, Michael; BALMACEDA, Catalina. (eds.). Sallust: The War Against Jugurtha. Oxford: Liverpool University Press, 2009. CORNELL, Tim. (ed.). The Fragments of the Roman Historians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. FARNEY, Gary. Ethnic Identity and Aristocratic Competition in Republican Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. FELDHERR, Andrew. Spectacle and Society in Livy’s History. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1998.FLOWER, Harriet. Ancestor Masks and Aristocratic Power in Roman Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.FORNARA, Charles. The Nature of History in Greece and Rome. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983.FRANK, Richard. Augustus’ Legislation on Marriage and Children. Classical Antiquity, v. 8, p. 41–52, 1975. GALINSKY, Karl. Augustan Culture. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996. GINSBURG, Judith. In Maiores Certamina: Past and Present in the Annals. In: LUCE, James; WOODMAN, Anthony John. Tacitus and the Tacitean tradition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993, p. 86-103. GRETHLEIN, Jonas. Nam Quid Ea Memorem: The Dialectical Relation of the Res Gestae and Memoria Rerum Gestarum in Sallust’s Bellum Jugurthinum. The Classical Quarterly, v. 56, n. 1, p. 135-148, 2006.HABERMAN, Lidia. Nefas an libidine ortum: Sexual Morality and Politics in the Early Books of Livy. Classical Bulletin, v. 57, p. 8-11, 1980.HALLET, Judith. Women as Same and Other in the Classical Roman Elite. Helios, v. 16, p. 59-78, 1989.HARDIE, Philip. Epic Successors of Virgil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.HÖLKESKAMP, Karl-Joachim. Exempla und Mos Maiorum. Überlegungen zum kollektiven Gedächtnis der Nobilität. In: HÖLKESKAMP, Karl-Joachim. Senatus Populusque Romanus. Münich: Steiner Verlag, 2004, p. 169-198. JOPLIN, Patricia Klindienst. Ritual Work on Human Flesh: Livy’s Lucretia and the rape of the body politic. Helios, v. 17, n. 1, p. 51-70, 1990. JOSHEL, Sandra. The body female and the body politic: Livy’s Lucretia and Verginia. In: RICHLIN, Amy. Pornography and Representation in Greece and Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 112-130.KAPUST, Daniel. Republicanism, Rhetoric, and Roman Political Thought. Sallust, Livy and Tacitus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2011.KRAUS, Christina; WOODMAN, Anthony John. Latin Historians. Oxford. Oxford University Press. 1997.LANGLANDS, Rebecca. Sexual Morality in Ancient Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2006.LEVICK, Barbara. Vespasian. London and New York: Routledge, 1999. LEVICK, Barbara. Velleius Paterculus as senator: a dream with footnotes. In: COWAN, Eleanor. Velleius Paterculus: Making History. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2011, p. 1-16.LUCE, Timothy Joseph. Tacitus on History’s Highest Function, ANRW, v. II, n. 33.4, 2904-2927, 1991. MARINCOLA, John. Authority and Tradition in Ancient Historiography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1997MARINCOLA, John. A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography. Malden and Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. 2007.MARINCOLA, John. The Rhetoric of History: Allusion, Intertextuality, and Exemplarity in Historiographical Speeches. In: PAUSCH, Dennis. Stimmen der Geschichte: Funktionen von Reden in der antiken Historiographie. Berlin and New York: De Gruyter, 2010, p. 259-289. MILES, Gary. Livy: Reconstructing Early Rome. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995.MOLES, John. Livy’s Preface. Papers of the Cambridge Philological Society, v. 39, p. 141-168, 1993.MOORE, Timothy. Morality, history and Livy’s wronged women. Eranos, v. 91, p. 38-46, 1993. OAKLEY, Stephen. A Commentary on Livy Books VI to X. Volume 1: Introduction and Book VI. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.PAUL, George. A Historical Commentary on Sallust’s Bellum Iugurthinum. Trowbridge: Francis Cairns, 1984.PURCELL, Nicholas. On the Sacking of Carthage and Corinth. In: INNES, Doreen; HINE, Harry; PELLING, Christopher. Ethics and Rhetoric. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995, p. 133-148. RICH, John. Velleius’ History: genre and purpose. In: COWAN, Eleanor. Velleius Paterculus: Making History. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2011, p. 73-92.ROLLER, Matthew. Constructing Autocracy. Aristocrats and Emperors in Julio-Claudia Rome. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001.ROLLER, Matthew. Exemplarity in Roman culture: the cases of Horatius Cocles and Cloelia. Classical Philology, v. 99, n. 1, p. 1-56, 2004. ROLLER, Matthew. The exemplary past in Roman historiography and culture. In: FELDHERR, Andrew. The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Historians. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009, p. 214-230. ROLLER, Matthew. Models from the Past in Roman Culture. A World of Exempla. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.ROSENSTEIN, Nathan. War, Failure, and Aristocratic Competition. Classical Philology, v. 85, no. 4, 255-265, 1990a.ROSENSTEIN, Nathan. Imperatores Victi: Military Defeat and Aristocratic Competition in the Middle and Late Republic. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990b.ROSENSTEIN, Nathan. Aristocratic Values. In: ROSENSTEIN, Nathan; MORSTEIN-MARX, Robert. A Companion to the Roman Republic. Malden and Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2006, p. 365-382.SCHMITZER, Ulrich. Roman Values in Velleius. In: COWAN, Eleanor. Velleius Paterculus: Making History. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales, 2011, p. 73-92.SKLENÁR, R. La République des Signes: Caesar, Cato, and the Language of Sallustian Morality. Transactions of the American Philological Association, v. 128, p. 205-220. 1998.STEVENSON, Tom. Women of Early Rome as Exempla in Livy. Ramus, v. 29, p. 175-189, 2000.WALTER, Uwe. Memoria und res publica: zur Geschichtskultur im republikanischen Rom. Berlin: Verlag Antike, 2004.WISEMAN, Peter Timothy. Clio’s Cosmetics. Leicester: Leicester University Press. 1979.WOODMAN, Anthony John. Rhetoric in Classical Historiography. London and Sydney: Croom Helm. 1984. WOODMAN, Anthony John. Praecipuum Munus Annalium. Museum Helveticum, v. 52, p. 111-126, 1995. WOODMAN, Anthony John. Poems to Historians. Catullus 1 and Horace, Odes 2.1. In: BRAUND, David; GILL, Christopher. Myth, History and Culture in Republican Rome, Studies in Honour of T.P. Wiseman. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 191-216, 2003.WOODMAN, Anthony John; MARTIN, Ronald. (eds.). The Annals of Tacitus Book 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004.    

Uma grande parte do valor percebido da história no mundo antigo estava ligada à sua função educacional. De um modo ou de outro, ela foi considerada como um guia benéfico para a conduta ou como magistra vitae (CÍCERO, De OratoreII, 36). Dar... see more