Home  /  Nematropica  /  Vol: 42 Núm: Vol. 42 Par: 0 (2012)  /  Article
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF XIPHINEMA INDEX THORNE AND ALLEN, 1950 (NEMATODA: LONGIDORIDAE) ISOLATES FROM CHILE [CARACTERIZACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y MOLECULAR DE XIPHINEMA INDEX THORNE AND ALLEN, 1950 (NEMATODA: LONGIDORIDAE) EN CHILE]

SUMMARY

Meza, P., E. Aballay, and P. Hinrichsen. 2012. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Xiphinema index Thorne and Allen, 1950 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) isolates from Chile. Nematropica 42:41-47. Xiphinema index is a major plant parasitic nematode for vineyards, both as a root pathogen and as a vector for Grape Fanleaf virus. In Chile it has a wide distribution, causing considerable damage to Vitis vinifera. The main morphological and morphometric features that have been used for its identification are related to the vulval position and the presence of a mucro on the tail. However, these features have a limited discrimination capacity, as identification is more complicated in a highly complex matrix such as the soil, where a mixture of species coexists. This situation has motivated the search for and the application of molecular techniques with increased resolution power. This investigation shows the results of morphological and molecular characterization of X. index isolates from Chile. The complete ITS regions (ITS1 and ITS2) were sequenced revealing very low intraspecific diversity, less than 1% or the most divergent available sequences. This coincided with the low level of differences detected at the morphometric level.Meza, P., E. Aballay, and P. Hinrichsen. 2012. Caracterización morfológica y molecular de Xiphinema index Thorne and Allen, 1950 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) en Chile. Nematropica 42:41-47. Xiphinema index es uno de los nemátodos fitoparásitos de mayor relevancia para el cultivo de la vid, tanto por el daño directo que provoca en las raíces cómo por su capacidad de transportar a Grape Fanleaf virus. En Chile presenta una amplia distribución, causando considerable daño sobre Vitis vinifera. Los principales rasgos morfológicos y morfométricos utilizados para su identificación están relacionados con la posición de la vulva, la presencia de un mucrón en la cola, entre otros. Sin embargo, estas características muestran una limitada capacidad discriminatoria frente a coexistencia de especies en el suelo, lo que ha motivado la búsqueda, desarrollo y aplicación de técnicas moleculares con un mayor poder resolutivo. Está investigación muestra los resultados de la caracterización morfológica, morfométrica y molecular de X. index en Chile. La región ITS (ITS1 e ITS2) fue clonada y secuenciada mostrando un baja diversidad intraespecífica, menor al 1%, en relación a las secuencias disponibles en GenBank. Una situación similar se observó a nivel morfométrico y morfológico.

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