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ARTICLE
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THE MEANING OF “COOKING VERBS” IN MUNA LANGUAGE: NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE (Makna “Verba Memasak” dalam Bahasa Muna: Metabahasa Semantik Alami) DOI : 10.26499/jk.v18i1.3296

SUMMARY

Artikel ini membahas makna verba memasak bahasa Muna. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan mengggunakan teknik rekam dan catat. Data tersebut analisis secara kualitatif menggunakan metabahasa semantika lami, sebuah pendekatan untuk mengkaji berbagai bentuk, struktur, dan makna bahasa secara utuh dengan prinsip “satu bentuk untuk satu makna dan satu makna untuk satu bentuk”. Pendekatan ini menggunakan kata-kata yang tepat untuk menjelaskan sesuatu tanpa berbelit-belit atau berputar-putar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna memasak dalam bahasa Muna dapat diekspresikan dengan berbagai leksikon dan masing-masing leksikon memiliki makna distintif, yakni verba makna memasak menggunakan air seperti pada verba ghaudan to:fi, makna memasak menggunakan minyak seperti pada verba hole: dan sanggarae, dan makna memasak tanpa menggunakan air dan minyak seperti pada verba tunu dan rawue. Sesuatu yang dimasak dan komponennya (air, api, asap, atau minyak) yang digunakan untuk memasak menentukan jenis verba yang akan digunakan. Verba-verba memasak tersebut dapat mengindikasikan atau menggambarkan obyek yang dimasak dan proses memasak. Walaupun demikian, agen atau pelaku sebagai subyek bersifat bebas dan tidak tergantung baik pada predikat maupun obyek, atau sebaliknya.This paper aims at investigating the meaning of cooking verbs in Muna language. The data were collected through interview with recording and noting techniques. It was analyzed qualitatively by using natural semantics metalanguage (NSM), an approach to investigate various forms, structure, and meaning in the whole with principle “one form for one meaning and one meaning for one form”. It uses appropriate words to explain something without using other lexicons or without obscurity. The result of this study shows that meaning of verbs cooking in Muna can be expressed by a number of lexicons and each form has distinctive meaning in expressing the meaning of cooking, namely to cook using water, such as ghau and to,fi: to cook using oil, such as hole and sanggarae, and to cook without using water and oil, such as tunu and rawue. Something that will be cooked and component used to cook determines the kinds of those verbs. Those verb of cooking in Muna language can indicate or describe the object which is cooked and process of cooking. However, actor or agent as subject is independent either predicate or object, and vice versa.

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