SUMMARY
O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar as causas climáticas dos eventos extremos ocorridos nas macrorregiões de Alagoas, e ao mesmo tempo, comparar os efeitos dos ENOS Canônico e Modoki e suas classes sobre as macrorregiões alagoanas. Os dados de precipitação diária de 21 municípios do Estado de Alagoas foram obtidos através da Agência Nacional de Águas com período de 1963 a 2014. EN Modoki e Fracos promoveram aumento de chuvas na região Leste. Já EN Fortes causaram diminuição de precipitação no Sertão. Eventos de LN Canônica causaram aumento significativo nas chuvas das 3 macrorregiões, mas o efeito foi melhor em LN Forte. Durante as fases do Dipólo do Atlântico, a fase negativa gerou SPI positivo em todo estado, e na fase positiva, houve diminuição do SPI na região Leste, e registro de SPI negativo no Sertão e Agreste. As causas climáticas dos eventos extremos foi a junção das escalas semestral, interanual, escala entre 1-2 anos de ENOS, escala de ENOS estendido e escala de 11 anos (Dipólo e Manchas solares) potencializando os totais pluviométricos locais, e para casos de seca, sua ausência. Verificou-se, através de análises de agrupamentos, semelhança entre os SPIs da La Niña Fraca e La Niña Canônica, e entre o El Niño Canônico está ligado ao El Niño Forte. Já matematicamente, as categorias de El Niño e La Niña forte e fraca apresentaram melhores correlações com ENOS Modoki e Canônico, sugerindo padrão para Alagoas. Identification of climatic causes of extreme events and impacts of Canonical and Modoki ENSO on Alagoas macroregions. A B S T R A C TAnomalies of sea surface temperature that occur in some regions of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean are being studied because their cause different impacts and originate in different ways, are the ENOS, Modoki and Canonical.The objective of this work is to identify the climatic causes of the extreme events that occurred in the macro-regions of Alagoas, and at the same time, to compare the effects of ENOS Canonical and Modoki and their classes on the macro-regions of Alagoas. The daily precipitation data for 21 municipalities in the State of Alagoas were obtained through the National Water Agency from 1963 to 2014. EN Modoki and low promoted an increase in rainfall in the Eastern region. EN Fortes, on the other hand, caused a decrease in rainfall in the Sertão. Canonical LN events caused a significant increase in rainfall in the three macro-regions, but the effect was better in LN Forte. During the phases of the Atlantic Dipole, the negative phase generated positive SPI across the state, and in the positive phase, there was a decrease in SPI in the East, and a negative SPI record in Sertão and Agreste. The climatic causes of the extreme events were the combination of semiannual, interannual scales, scale between 1-2 years of ENOS, scale of ENOS extended and scale of 11 years (Dipole and sunspots), potentiating the local total rainfall, and for cases of drought , your absence. It was found, through cluster analysis, similarity between the SPIs of La Niña low and La Niña Canonical, and between El Niño Canonical is linked to El Niño Forte. Mathematically, the categories of El Niño and La Niña strong and weak showed better correlations with ENOS Modoki and Canonical, suggesting a pattern for Alagoas.Keywords. Wavelet analysis; SPI; Cluster analysis.