KARAKTERISTIK SUMBERDAYA HIU DAN PARI YANG DIDARATKAN DI TPI KARANGSONG, INDRAMAYU

Puput Fitri Rachmawati, Andrias Steward Samusamu, Priyo Suharsono Sulaiman, Ngurah Nyoman Wiadnyana

Abstract


Berbagai spesies ikan hiu dan pari dengan berbagai ukuran telah banyak tertangkap di perairan Laut Jawa, dan didaratkan di beberapa lokasi pendaratan, salah satunya di Indramayu. Pada umumnya, hiu dan pari di Indramayu tertangkap nelayan sebagai hasil tangkapan sampingan kapal jaring insang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sumber daya hiu dan pari beserta dengan beberapa aspek parameter populasi jenis hiu dan pari yang didaratkan di TPI Karangsong, Indramayu. Adapun jenis hiu dan pari yang diteliti meliputi hiu pisang (Rhizoprionodon oligolinx), hiu martil (Sphyrna lewini), pari kikir (Brevitrygon walga), dan pari kekeh/ pari liong bun (Rhynchobatus australiae). Data yang digunakan berupa data produksi tahun 2014-2018 dan data hasil enumerasi. Pengambilan data dilakukan oleh enumerator pada April – September 2019 yang meliputi data harian sebaran panjang dan jenis kelamin. Analisis data yang digunakan berupa analisis komposisi hasil tangkapan, sebaran frekuensi panjang ikan, ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc), dan pendugaan parameter populasi ikan menggunakan bantuan program Electronic Length Frequency Analysis (ELEFAN I) yang dikemas dalam perangkat lunak FAO-ICLARM Stock Assesment Tool II (FiSAT II). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hiu dan pari yang tertangkap merupakan hasil tangkapan sampingan kapal jaring insang dengan sebaran ukuran panjang yang tertangkap berada pada fase anakan/juvenil dan sub-dewasa (belum matang gonad) (Lc<Lmat). Nilai parameter populasi keempat jenis hiu dan pari cenderung lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan perairan lainnya dengan nilai laju eksploitasi (E) termasuk ke dalam kategori fully exploited (F>M, E>Eopt=0.5).

Various species and sizes of sharks and rays have been caught in the Java Sea; one of the landing areas is Indramayu. Sharks and rays landed in Indramayu are by-catch from gill nets. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of shark and ray fisheries along with several aspects of the population parameters of shark and ray species landed at TPI Karangsong, Indramayu. The species are grey sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon oligolinx), scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini), scaly whip ray (Brevitrygon alga), and bottlenose whitefish (Rhynchobatus australiae). The data used are data production for 2014-2018 and enumeration data. Data collection, length and gender were collected by enumerators from April - to September 2019. The data analysis consists of catch composition, length frequency distribution, measurement of first capture (Lc), and estimation of fish population parameters using the Electronic Length Frequency Analysis (ELEFAN I) program, which is packaged in the FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool II (FiSAT II) software. The result showed that the sharks and rays are bycatch from gill net vessels, with the length distribution being caught in the juvenile and sub-adult (immature gonad) phases (Lc<Lmat). The population parameter values for the four types of sharks and rays tend to be smaller than in other waters, with the exploitation rate (E) included in the fully exploited category (F>M, E>Eopt=0.5).


Keywords


R. oligolinx; S. lewini; B. walga; R. australiae; hiu; pari; Indramayu

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.13.3.2021.%25p

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