Fenolik Total, Kandungan Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mareme (Glochidion arborescense Blume.)

Indra Indra, Novianti Nurmalasari, Meti Kusmiati
10.25077/jsfk.6.3.206-212.2019

Abstrak


Daun mareme (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat khususnya suku sunda sebagai lalapan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genus Glochidion berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan fenolik total, flavonoid total, dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol-air daun mareme. Serbuk kering daun mareme diekstraksi dengan proses refluks menggunakan pelarut etanol-air 70% v/v. Ekstrak kemudian dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator dan penapisan fitokimia. Penetapan kadar fenolik total menggunakan pereaksi Folin-Ciocalteu dengan pembanding asam galat. Kandungan flavonoid total ditetapkan dengan pembanding kuersetin menggunakan pereaksi AlCl3. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan oleh uji peredaman radikal 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dengan vitamin C sebagai pembanding. Hasil penafisan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa daun mareme mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin, polifenol, monoterpenoid-seskuiterpen, saponin dan kuinon. Kadar fenolik total ekstrak daun mareme sebesar 33,32 ± 0,25 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g ekstrak, sedangkan kadar flavonoid total sebesar 3,02 ± 0,003 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE)/g ekstrak. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH diperoleh nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol daun mareme sebesar 5,5 µg/mL, dan nilai IC50 pembanding vitamin C sebesar 3,34 µg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil ini daun mareme memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi tanaman obat untuk mencegah atau mengobati penyakit yang disebabkan oleh stress oksidatif.


Kata Kunci


Antioxidant; Glochidion arborescense; DPPH

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jsfk.6.3.206-212.2019

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