Patent Foramen Ovale Implying Paradoxical Embolism as a New Insight in Cryptogenic Stroke
Keywords:
PFO, Cryptogenic stroke
Abstract
Cerebrovascular thromboembolism is responsible annually for 510.000 ischaemic stroke in the united states alone. PFO mechanism as a paradoxical embolism transit from right to left-sided chambers to intracranial vessels has a tremendous impact in neurological deficits. The aggressive treatment started since 2016 when the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Amplatzer PFO occluder for recurrent stroke prevention of cryptogenic stroke with PFO. The trials show positive results since 2017 and the collaboration and partnership between neurologist and cardiologist are more needed to build a holistic and comprehensive treatment for cryptogenic stroke patient with PFO.
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References
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2. Adam HP, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ,et al. Calssification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definition for use in a multicenter clinical trial.TOAST.Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke.Stroke 1993;24:35-41
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7. Saver Jl, Carrol JD, Thaler DE,et al. Long-term Outcome of Patent Foramen Closure or Medical Therapy aftre stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1022-1032
8. Sandergraad L, Kasner SE, Rhodes JF. Paten Foramen Ovale or Antiplatelets Therapy for Cryptogenic Stroke. N Engl J med 2017;377:1033-1042
9. Louis JM, Derumeaux G, Guillion B,et al. Patent Foraman Ovale Closure or Anticoagulant vs Antiplatelets after Stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1011-1021
10. Tobe J, Bogitzi, Munoz C et all. Transcranial doppler is complimentary for detection and risk stratification of patent formane ovale. Can J Cardiol 2016;32:986.e9-986e16
11. Pristipino C, Sievert H, D'Ascenzo F, Louis Mas J, Meier B, Scacciatella P, et al. European position paper on the management of patients with patent foramen ovale. General approach and left circulation thromboembolism. Euro Heart J. 2019 ;40(38):3182-95.
12. Nakayama R, Takaya Y, Akagi T, Watanabe N, Ikeda M, Nakagawa K, et al. Identification of High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale Associated With Cryptogenic Stroke: Development of a Scoring System. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2019 ;32(7):811-6.
13. Glutzer TV, Zigler PD: Cryptogenic stroke: Is silent atrial fibrillation on the culprit ? Heart Rhythm 2015;12:234-241
14. Morais LA, de Sousa L, Fiarresga, et al. RoPE Score as a Predictor od Recurrent Ischmeic Events After Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure.Int Heart J 2018;59:1327-1332
15. Garg A, Thawabi M, Rout A,Sossou C, Cohen M, Kosits JB. Recuurent Stroke Redustion with Patent Foramen Ovale Colure versus Medical Therapy Based on Patent Foramen Ovale Characteristics: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cardiology 2019:144(1-2):40-49.
16. Vaduganathan M, Qamar rman, Gupta,et.al. Paten Foramen Ovale Closure for Secondary Prevention of Cryptogenic Stroke: Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Am J Med 2018:131(5):575-577.
17. Giblett JP, Abdul-Samad O, Shapiro LM, Rana BS, Calvert PA. Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in 2019. Interventional cardiology. 2019 Feb;14(1):34-41
2. Adam HP, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ,et al. Calssification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definition for use in a multicenter clinical trial.TOAST.Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke.Stroke 1993;24:35-41
3. Robert G, Hart MD, Catanase L, Perera KS, Ntaios G, Connoly SJ. Embolic stroke of Undetermined Source A Systemic Review and Clinical Update. Stroke 2017;48:867-872
4. Ozdemir AO, Tamayo A, Munoz A, et.al.Cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale:clinical clues to paradoxical embolism.J Neural Sci 2008;275:121-7
5. Almekhali MA, Wilton SB, Rabi DM, Ghali WA, Larenzati ti DL, Hill MD. Recurrent cerebral ischemi in medically treated patent foramen ovale. A meta-analysis Neurology 2009;73(2):89-97
6. Furlan Aj, Reisman M, Massaro J, Mauri L, Adams H, Albers GW, Felberg R, Hermann H, Kar S, Landzberg M, Raizver A, Wechsler L. CLOSURE Investigator. Closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patient with patent foramen ovale. N Engl J Med 2012:991-999
7. Saver Jl, Carrol JD, Thaler DE,et al. Long-term Outcome of Patent Foramen Closure or Medical Therapy aftre stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1022-1032
8. Sandergraad L, Kasner SE, Rhodes JF. Paten Foramen Ovale or Antiplatelets Therapy for Cryptogenic Stroke. N Engl J med 2017;377:1033-1042
9. Louis JM, Derumeaux G, Guillion B,et al. Patent Foraman Ovale Closure or Anticoagulant vs Antiplatelets after Stroke. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1011-1021
10. Tobe J, Bogitzi, Munoz C et all. Transcranial doppler is complimentary for detection and risk stratification of patent formane ovale. Can J Cardiol 2016;32:986.e9-986e16
11. Pristipino C, Sievert H, D'Ascenzo F, Louis Mas J, Meier B, Scacciatella P, et al. European position paper on the management of patients with patent foramen ovale. General approach and left circulation thromboembolism. Euro Heart J. 2019 ;40(38):3182-95.
12. Nakayama R, Takaya Y, Akagi T, Watanabe N, Ikeda M, Nakagawa K, et al. Identification of High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale Associated With Cryptogenic Stroke: Development of a Scoring System. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2019 ;32(7):811-6.
13. Glutzer TV, Zigler PD: Cryptogenic stroke: Is silent atrial fibrillation on the culprit ? Heart Rhythm 2015;12:234-241
14. Morais LA, de Sousa L, Fiarresga, et al. RoPE Score as a Predictor od Recurrent Ischmeic Events After Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure.Int Heart J 2018;59:1327-1332
15. Garg A, Thawabi M, Rout A,Sossou C, Cohen M, Kosits JB. Recuurent Stroke Redustion with Patent Foramen Ovale Colure versus Medical Therapy Based on Patent Foramen Ovale Characteristics: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cardiology 2019:144(1-2):40-49.
16. Vaduganathan M, Qamar rman, Gupta,et.al. Paten Foramen Ovale Closure for Secondary Prevention of Cryptogenic Stroke: Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Am J Med 2018:131(5):575-577.
17. Giblett JP, Abdul-Samad O, Shapiro LM, Rana BS, Calvert PA. Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in 2019. Interventional cardiology. 2019 Feb;14(1):34-41
Published
2021-09-16
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How to Cite
Putri, I. (2021). Patent Foramen Ovale Implying Paradoxical Embolism as a New Insight in Cryptogenic Stroke. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 42(3). https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1152
Section
Review Article
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