30 articles in this issue
Qian Gao, Sue D. Xiang, Kirsty Wilson, Mutsa Madondo, Andrew N. Stephens and Magdalena Plebanski
The cancer testis antigen sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a promising antigenic target in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) vaccine development. However, its role in ovarian cancer is unclear. We isolated and expanded Sp17+ and Sp17− clones from the murine... see more
Fiona K. Middleton, John R. Pollard and Nicola J. Curtin
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related kinase (ATR) signals replication stress and DNA damage to S and G2 arrest and promotes DNA repair. Mutations in p53, critical for G1 checkpoint control, are common in cancer and predicted to confer vulnerabil... see more
Babak Nami and Zhixiang Wang
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Mahmoud Ahmed, Trang Huyen Lai, Sahib Zada, Jin Seok Hwang, Trang Minh Pham, Miyong Yun and Deok Ryong Kim
Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) plays a critical role in many signaling pathways as a multi-functional adapter protein. In particular, the loss of RKIP’s function in certain types of cancer cells results in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (... see more
Shih-Shen Lin, Chih-Yu Peng, Yi-Wen Liao, Ming-Yung Chou, Pei-Ling Hsieh and Cheng-Chia Yu
MiRNAs have been recognized as crucial components in carcinogenesis, but whether miR-1246 affects the cancer stemness and drug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been fully understood and its downstream targets still need to be unra... see more
Hanny Al-Samkari and Jean M. Connors
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) complicates the clinical course of approximately 5–10% of all cancer patients. Anticoagulation of the cancer patient often presents unique challenges as these patients have both a higher risk of recurrent VTE and a higher risk... see more
Matteo Turetta, Michela Bulfoni, Giulia Brisotto, Gianpiero Fasola, Andrea Zanello, Eva Biscontin, Laura Mariuzzi, Agostino Steffan, Carla Di Loreto, Daniela Cesselli and Fabio Del Ben
Molecular characterization is currently a key step in NSCLC therapy selection. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are excellent candidates for downstream analysis, but technology is still lagging behind. In this work, we show that the mutational status of NSCL... see more
Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu, Ching-Kuo Yang, Wei-Hong Cheng, David T.W. Tzeng, Kuang-Tai Kuo, Chun-Chih Huang, Li Deng, Michael Hsiao, Wei-Hwa Lee and Chi-Tai Yeh
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in both sexes globally. This is not unconnected with the heterogeneity and plasticity of CRC stem cells (CRC-SCs) which stealthily exploit the niche-rela... see more
Luciano Pirola, Oskar Ciesielski and Aneta Balcerczyk
Approximately 50 years ago, Judah Folkman raised the concept of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis for treating solid tumors. The development of anti-angiogenic drugs would decrease or even arrest tumor growth by restricting the delivery of oxygen and nutrient... see more
Marc Hamoir, Sandra Schmitz, Carlos Suarez, Primoz Strojan, Kate A Hutcheson, Juan P Rodrigo, William M Mendenhall, Ricard Simo, Nabil F Saba, Anil K D‘Cruz, Missak Haigentz, Jr., Carol R Bradford, Eric M Genden, Alessandra Rinaldo and Alfio Ferlito
Chemoradiotherapy has emerged as a gold standard in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Because 50% of advanced stage patients relapse after nonsurgical primary treatment, the role of salvage surgery (SS) is critical because sur... see more
Nkechiyere G. Nwani, Livia E. Sima, Wilberto Nieves-Neira and Daniela Matei
Cancer–stroma interactions play a key role in cancer progression and response to standard chemotherapy. Here, we provide a summary of the mechanisms by which the major cellular components of the ovarian cancer (OC) tumor microenvironment (TME) inclu... see more
Karen M. Watters, Preety Bajwa and Hilary A. Kenny
Ovarian cancer progression involves multifaceted and variable tumor microenvironments (TMEs), from the in situ carcinoma in the fallopian tube or ovary to dissemination into the peritoneal cavity as single cells or spheroids and attachment to the mesothel... see more
Ayan Chanda, Anusi Sarkar and Shirin Bonni
Protein post-translational modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), or SUMOylation, can regulate the stability, subcellular localization or interactome of a protein substrate with key consequences for cellular processes including the Epit... see more
Qi Liu, Dakui Luo, Sanjun Cai, Qingguo Li and Xinxiang Li
Laura R. Hardy, Amrita Salvi and Joanna E. Burdette
High-grade serous ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that can originate from the fallopian tube or the ovarian surface epithelium. The PAX (paired box) genes PAX2 and PAX8 are lineage-specific transcription factors required during development of the fallo... see more
Jillian R. Hufgard Wendel, Xiyin Wang and Shannon M. Hawkins
Women with endometriosis are at increased risk of developing ovarian cancer, specifically ovarian endometrioid, low-grade serous, and clear-cell adenocarcinoma. An important clinical caveat to the association of endometriosis with ovarian cancer is the im... see more
Qing Zhang, Xiaonan Hou, Bradley J. Evans, Jamison L. VanBlaricom, Saravut J. Weroha and William A. Cliby
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling has pleiotropic functions regulating cancer initiation, development, and metastasis, and also plays important roles in the interaction between stromal and cancer cells, making the pathway a potential ... see more
Gen Suzuki, Hideya Yamazaki, Norihiro Aibe, Koji Masui, Daisuke Shimizu, Takuya Kimoto, Takeshi Nishimura, Akihiro Nakashima, Tadashi Takenaka, Osamu Dohi, Takeshi Ishikawa and Kei Yamada
Several therapeutic options are available for clinical T1N0M0 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (stage I ESCC); however, the studies on the treatment results are limited. This study assessed the outcomes of stage I ESCC treated with radiotherapy... see more
Man Wang, Fei Yu and Peifeng Li
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC patients are commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which highly effective therapies are limited. Moreover, the five-year survival rate of HCC patien... see more
Hiroshi Onishi, Hideomi Yamashita, Yoshiyuki Shioyama, Yasuo Matsumoto, Kenji Takayama, Yukinori Matsuo, Akifumi Miyakawa, Haruo Matsushita, Masahiko Aoki, Keiji Nihei, Tomoki Kimura, Hiromichi Ishiyama, Naoya Murakami, Kensei Nakata, Atsuya Takeda, Takashi Uno, Takuma Nomiya, Tuyoshi Takanaka, Yuji Seo, Takafumi Komiyama, Kan Marino, Shinichi Aoki, Ryo Saito, Masayuki Araya, Yoshiyasu Maehata, Licht Tominaga and Kengo Kuriyama
Pretreatment pulmonary interstitial change (PIC) has been indicated as a risk factor of severe radiation pneumonitis (RP) following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early-stage lung cancer, but details of its true effect remain unclear. This... see more
Xinling Hu, Liu Yang and Yin-Yuan Mo
Functional genomics has provided evidence that the human genome transcribes a large number of non-coding genes in addition to protein-coding genes, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Among the group of lncRNAs are pseudogenes that hav... see more
Razmik Mirzayans, Bonnie Andrais and David Murray
A subset of cells within solid tumors become highly enlarged and enter a state of dormancy (sustained proliferation arrest) in response to anticancer treatment. Although dormant cancer cells might be scored as “dead” in conventional preclinica... see more
Vincent Drubay, Nicolas Skrypek, Lucie Cordiez, Romain Vasseur, Céline Schulz, Nihad Boukrout, Belinda Duchêne, Lucie Coppin, Isabelle Van Seuningen and Nicolas Jonckheere
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most deadly cancers in the Western world because of a lack of early diagnostic markers and efficient therapeutics. At the time of diagnosis, more than 80% of patients have metastasis or locally advanced cance... see more
Annalisa Bruno, Melania Dovizio, Stefania Tacconelli, Annalisa Contursi, Patrizia Ballerini and Paola Patrignani
Platelet activation is the first response to tissue damage and, if unrestrained, may promote chronic inflammation-related cancer, mainly through the release of soluble factors and vesicles that are rich in genetic materials and proteins. Platelets also su... see more
Kentaro Inamura, Yasuyuki Shigematsu, Hironori Ninomiya, Yasuhiro Nakashima, Maki Kobayashi, Haruyuki Saito, Katsuhiro Takahashi, Etsuko Futaya, Sakae Okumura, Yuichi Ishikawa and Hiroaki Kanda
Sudha S. Savant, Shruthi Sriramkumar and Heather M. O’Hagan
Inflammation plays a role in the initiation and development of many types of cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), a type of EOC. There are connections between EOC and both peritoneal and ovulation... see more
Vanesa Gottifredi and Lisa Wiesmüller
The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcriptional factor broadly mutated in cancer. Most inactivating and gain of function mutations disrupt the sequence-specific DNA binding domain, which activates target genes. This is perhaps the main reason why most resea... see more
Ahmad Chaddad, Michael J Kucharczyk and Tamim Niazi
Ugo Testa, Germana Castelli and Elvira Pelosi
Lung cancer causes the largest number of cancer-related deaths in the world. Most (85%) of lung cancers are classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (15%) (SCLC). The 5-year survival rate for NSCLC patients remains very ... see more
Sharmila Velapasamy, Christopher W. Dawson, Lawrence S. Young, Ian C. Paterson and Lee Fah Yap
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. It has a biphasic action by initially suppressing tumorigenesis but promoting tumour progression in the later stages of disease. Consequently, t... see more