Cancers  

Nikolaos Tsesmetzis, Cynthia B. J. Paulin, Sean G. Rudd and Nikolas Herold

Antimetabolites, in particular nucleobase and nucleoside analogues, are cytotoxic drugs that, starting from the small field of paediatric oncology, in combination with other chemotherapeutics, have revolutionised clinical oncology and transformed cancer i... see more

I Made Winarsa Ruma, Rie Kinoshita, Nahoko Tomonobu, Yusuke Inoue, Eisaku Kondo, Akira Yamauchi, Hiroki Sato, I Wayan Sumardika, Youyi Chen, Ken-Ichi Yamamoto, Hitoshi Murata, Shinichi Toyooka, Masahiro Nishibori and Masakiyo Sakaguchi

Embigin, a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, is involved in prostate and mammary gland development. As embigin’s roles in cancer remain elusive, we studied its biological functions and interaction with extracell... see more

Nemany A. N. Hanafy, Maged El-Kemary and Stefano Leporatti

Micelles as colloidal suspension have attracted considerable attention due to their potential use for both cancer diagnosis and therapy. These structures have proven their ability to deliver poorly water-soluble anticancer drugs, improve drug stability, a... see more

Asuka Nanbo, Harutaka Katano, Michiyo Kataoka, Shiho Hoshina, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Makoto Kuroda and Yusuke Ohba

Infection of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous human gamma herpesvirus, is associated with various malignancies in B lymphocytes and epithelial cells. EBV encodes 49 microRNAs in two separated regions, termed the BART and BHRF1 loci. Although a... see more

Juliet A. Carmichael, Daisy Wing-san Mak and Mary O’Brien

Until recently, chemotherapy has remained the mainstay of treatment for the majority of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Excellent responses have been observed with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted treatments for those ... see more

Lisa Scarton, Saunjoo Yoon, Sungho Oh, Edward Agyare, Jose Trevino, Bo Han, Eunsook Lee, Veronica Wendy Setiawan, Jennifer B. Permuth, Thomas D. Schmittgen, Folakemi G. Odedina and Diana J. Wilkie

We summarize the risk factors that may significantly contribute to racial disparities in pancreatic cancer, which is now the third leading cause of cancer deaths and projected to be second around 2030 in 12 years. For decades, the incidence rate of pancre... see more

Mariafrancesca Cascione, Valeria De Matteis, Chiara C. Toma and Stefano Leporatti

The Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process that drives epithelial tumor cells to acquire an invasive phenotype. The role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in EMT is still debated. We used confocal laser scanning micros... see more

Corina Cuceu, Bruno Colicchio, Eric Jeandidier, Steffen Junker, François Plassa, Grace Shim, Justyna Mika, Monika Frenzel, Mustafa AL Jawhari, William M. Hempel, Grainne O’Brien, Aude Lenain, Luc Morat, Theodore Girinsky, Alain Dieterlen, Joanna Polanska, Christophe Badie, Patrice Carde and Radhia M’Kacher

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Judith Hecker, Isabella Miller, Katharina S. Götze and Mareike Verbeek

Treatment options for older patients with intermediate or high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain unsatisfactory. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the treatment of choice for the majority of younger AML patients, has been hampered in elderly pa... see more

Marine Ricordel, Johann Foloppe, Delphine Antoine, Annie Findeli, Juliette Kempf, Pascale Cordier, Aude Gerbaud, Benoit Grellier, Monika Lusky, Eric Quemeneur and Philippe Erbs

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Elizabeth I. Harper, Emma F. Sheedy and M. Sharon Stack

Age is one of the biggest risk factors for ovarian cancer. Older women have higher rates of diagnosis and death associated with the disease. In mouse models, it was shown that aged mice had greater tumor burden than their younger counterparts when intrape... see more

John M. Lamar, Vijeyaluxmy Motilal Nehru and Guy Weinberg

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma involving cells with histologic markers that suggest an endothelial origin. Around 90% of EHEs are caused by the fusion of Transcriptional Co-activator with a PDZ-motif (TAZ) with Calmod... see more

Javadi Monisha, Nand Kishor Roy, Ganesan Padmavathi, Kishore Banik, Devivasha Bordoloi, Amrita Devi Khwairakpam, Frank Arfuso, Arunachalam Chinnathambi, Tahani Awad Alahmadi, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Gautam Sethi, Alan Prem Kumar and Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara

Oral cancer is a major public health burden worldwide. The lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis has increased the difficulty in managing this disease. Recent studies have reported that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a secreted glycop... see more

Yan Xu

As one of the important cancer hallmarks, metabolism reprogramming, including lipid metabolism alterations, occurs in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). It plays an important role in tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. Lipids, and s... see more

Maider Varela-Guruceaga, Sonia Tejada-Solís, Marc García-Moure, Juan Fueyo, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano, Ana Patiño-García and Marta M. Alonso

In recent years, we have seen an important progress in our comprehension of the molecular basis of pediatric brain tumors (PBTs). However, they still represent the main cause of death by disease in children. Due to the poor prognosis of some types of PBTs... see more

Kah Poh Loh and Heidi D. Klepin

The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) increases with age, but the outcomes for older adults with AML are poor due to underlying tumor biology, poor tolerance to aggressive treatment, and the physiologic changes of aging. Because of the underlying ... see more

Zachary Schrank, Gagan Chhabra, Leo Lin, Tsatsral Iderzorig, Chike Osude, Nabiha Khan, Adijan Kuckovic, Sanjana Singh, Rachel J. Miller and Neelu Puri

Lung cancer is treated with many conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, these therapies have multiple undesirable side effects. To bypass the side effects elicited by these conventional treatments, molecularly-targe... see more

Taichiro Goto

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, often progresses to restrictive respiratory disturbance and mortality, typically within 10 years. IPF frequently coexists with lung cancer, and the combinatio... see more

Varsha Jain and Abigail T. Berman

Radiation therapy is a major treatment modality for management of non-small cell lung cancer. Radiation pneumonitis is a dose limiting toxicity of radiotherapy, affecting its therapeutic ratio. This review presents patient and treatment related factors as... see more

Rosa Fontana and Maria Vivo

It has been widely shown that the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is involved in nearly every aspect of cancer, from invasion to metastasis to epithelial–mesenchymal transition and maintenance of cancer stem cells. FAK has been shown to interact with p1... see more

Kevin Washetine, Simon Heeke, Christelle Bonnetaud, Mehdi Kara-Borni, Marius Ilié, Sandra Lassalle, Catherine Butori, Elodie Long-Mira, Charles Hugo Marquette, Charlotte Cohen, Jérôme Mouroux, Eric Selva, Virginie Tanga, Coraline Bence, Jean-Marc Félix, Loic Gazoppi, Taycir Skhiri, Emmanuelle Gormally, Pascal Boucher, Bruno Clément, Georges Dagher, Véronique Hofman and Paul Hofman

Lung cancer is the major cause of death from cancer in the world and its incidence is increasing in women. Despite the progress made in developing immunotherapies and therapies targeting genomic alterations, improvement in the survival rate of advanced st... see more

Ikuno Uehara and Nobuyuki Tanaka

p53 has functional roles in tumor suppression as a guardian of the genome, surveillant of oncogenic cell transformation, and as recently demonstrated, a regulator of intracellular metabolism. Accumulating evidence has shown that the tumor microenvironment... see more

Antonio Maurizi and Nadia Rucci

Bone metastases are frequently the final fate of breast and prostate cancer patients. According to the definition of metastasis as an incurable disease, to date there are no effective treatments for tumor-associated bone metastases and this represents a r... see more

Siqi Guo, Niculina I. Burcus, James Hornef, Yu Jing, Chunqi Jiang, Richard Heller and Stephen J. Beebe

A Pancreatic cancer is a notorious malignant neoplasm with an extremely poor prognosis. Current standard of care is rarely effective against late-stage pancreatic cancer. In this study, we assessed nanopulse stimulation (NPS) as a local treatment for panc... see more

Teresa Krabbe and Jennifer Altomonte

Oncolytic viruses are under intense development and have earned their place among the novel class of cancer immunotherapeutics that are changing the face of cancer therapy. Their ability to specifically infect and efficiently kill tumor cells, while break... see more

Francesco Buccisano, Richard Dillon, Sylvie D. Freeman and Adriano Venditti

Minimal (or measurable) residual (MRD) disease provides a biomarker of response quality for which there is robust validation in the context of modern intensive treatment for younger patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Nevertheless, it remains a re... see more

Eigil Kjeldsen

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Maria Lina Tornesello, Clorinda Annunziata, Anna Lucia Tornesello, Luigi Buonaguro and Franco Maria Buonaguro

Viral oncogenesis is a multistep process largely depending on the complex interplay between viruses and host factors. The oncoviruses are capable of subverting the cell signaling machinery and metabolic pathways and exploit them for infection, replication... see more

Taichiro Goto, Yosuke Hirotsu, Kenji Amemiya, Hitoshi Mochizuki and Masao Omata

Advances in innovative technology, including next-generation sequencing, have allowed comprehensive genomic analysis and the elucidation of the genomic aspect of intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). Moreover, models of the evolution of the cancer genome have b... see more

Alessandro Isidori, Federica Loscocco, Marilena Ciciarello, Giulia Corradi, Mariangela Lecciso, Darina Ocadlikova, Sarah Parisi, Valentina Salvestrini, Sergio Amadori, Giuseppe Visani and Antonio Curti

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease, which mainly affects the elderly population. Unfortunately, the prognosis of patients aged >65 years is dismal, with 1-year overall survival approaching 10% with conventional therapies. The hypothesis of harne... see more