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Ingrid Lynch,Lauren M. de Bruin,Nafisa Cassimjee,Claire Wagner    

AbstractCigarette smoking continues to pose a global health risk, including in developing countries. Fear appeal messages have been widely employed in health communication to reduce cigarette smoking, but studies provide conflicting results on their effi... see more


Mely Purnadianti,Mieke Sylvia MAR,Ahmad Yudianto    

The identification process is not only carried out on the body of a victim of a crime, but identification can also be carried out on the evidence evidence found at the crime scene. The timing of a crime case and the time interval for collecting evidence ... see more


Nyna Puspa Ningrum,Hermanto Tri Joewono,Widjiati Widjiati    

Folic acid contains 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), one of antioxidants that can be used to inhibit reaction caused by cigarette smoke exposure. Folic acid is able to inhibit the levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) so as to reduce the occurrence o... see more


Arya Ulilalbab,Bambang Wiratmadi,Merryana Adriani    

Currently, the number of smokers in Indonesia is still high. Cigarette smoke contains free radicals. This study aimed to analyze the effects of purple rosella petal extract on the prevention of hepatocyte degeneration in Wistar rats exposed to cigarette ... see more


Anna Lewi Santoso    

This study aims to analyze histological alveolar macrophage cell number and width of pulmonary alveolar space white male rats given ethanol extract of mangosteen peel and then exposed to cigarette smoke. Smoking can reduce antioxidant and increases free ... see more