ARTICLE
TITLE

Rola pielegniarki w profilaktyce i leczeniu odlezyn = The role of the nurse in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers

SUMMARY

Chrzan Elzbieta, Chrzan Pawel, Zukow Walery, Napierala Marek, Eksterowicz Jerzy. Rola pielegniarki w profilaktyce i leczeniu odlezyn = The role of the nurse in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(12):123-170. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.192461http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4041    The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 02.11.2016. Revised 22.11.2016. Accepted: 03.12.2016.   Rola pielegniarki w profilaktyce i leczeniu odlezynThe role of the nurse in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers Elzbieta Chrzan1, Pawel Chrzan1, Walery Zukow2, Marek Napierala2, Jerzy Eksterowicz2 1Wydzial Nauk o Zdrowiu, Radomska Szkola Wyzsza, Radom, Polska2Wydzial Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz, Polska  Slowa kluczowe: rola pielegniarki, odlezyny, regresja.Key words: the role of nurses, bed sores, regression.  Streszczenie                 Profilaktyka i leczenie odlezyn stanowia niezmiernie istotny problem w opiece pielegniarskiej. Odlezyny sa powodem dodatkowych komplikacji zdrowotnych pacjenta, sa zródlem bólu i cierpienia, a takze czesto klopotów finansowych.                Celem niniejszej pracy jest rozpoznanie roli, jaka pelni pielegniarka w zapobieganiu i leczeniu odlezyn i odpowiedz na postawione pytania problemowe:Problem glówny:Jakie znaczenie ma opieka pielegniarska w profilaktyce i leczeniu odlezyn?Problemy szczególowe:Jaki zakres czynnosci prewencyjnych moze podjac pielegniarka w zakresie zapobiegania odlezynom?Jaka role pelni pielegniarka w leczeniu odlezyn?Czy plec, wiek i rozpoznanie maja znaczenie w leczeniu odlezyn?Czy dlugosc pobytu pacjenta w szpitalu ma wplyw na postepy w leczeniu odlezyn?Co wnosi standaryzacja profilaktyki przeciwodlezynowej w opiece stacjonarnej?W odpowiedzi na powyzsze pytania przyjelam nastepujace hipotezy:Hipoteza glówna: Pielegniarka pelni wiodaca role w profilaktyce przeciw odlezynowej i leczeniu odlezyn.Hipotezy szczególowe:Rzetelna na wysokim poziomie opieka pielegniarska skutecznie zapobiega wystapieniu u chorych odlezyn.Pielegniarka ma znaczacy wplyw na efekty terapeutyczne w procesie leczenia odlezyn.Wiek, plec i rozpoznanie u pacjenta sa zmiennymi, majacymi istotny wplyw na leczenie odlezyn.Dlugosc hospitalizacji, rozumiana jako czas specjalistycznego, kompleksowego, indywidualnego i wielostronnego leczenia odlezyn, ma korzystny wplyw na postepy w leczeniu odlezyn.Standaryzacja opieki pielegniarskiej w zakresie profilaktyki i leczenia odlezyn podnosi jakosc swiadczonych uslug medycznych.                W pracy zastosowano 3 metody: metode analizy literatury medycznej oraz metode analizy dokumentów medycznych, tj. zbiorczej karty profilaktyki odlezynowej, prowadzonej na Oddziale Medycyny Paliatywnej w Szpitalu Specjalistycznym w Pulawach w roku 2010. W analizie statystycznej ujeto 124 pacjentów zagrozonych odlezynami. Glówna metoda badawcza zastosowano Metode Wnioskowania statystycznego, model regresji liniowej wielokrotnej.                W podsumowaniu koncowym dokonano weryfikacji hipotez. Wszystkie hipotezy sa prawdziwe z wyjatkiem hipotezy 3. Wiek i plec sa zmiennymi, które nie maja wplywu na leczenie odlezyn, zas zmienna rozpoznanie jest statystycznie istotna.                We wnioskach koncowych ustalono, ze:Pielegniarki doskonale realizuja proces pielegnowania w zakresie profilaktyki i leczenia odlezyn.Wprowadzenie standardów profilaktyki przeciwodlezynowej przynosi znaczna poprawe jakosci swiadczonych uslug medycznych.Monitorowanie profilaktyki przeciwodlezynowej w postaci rzetelnie prowadzonej dokumentacji zabezpiecza pielegniarki przed skutkami roszczen pacjentów.Ogólnie przyjete zasady leczenia odlezyn przynosza coraz lepsze wyniki terapeutyczne.Programy profilaktyki i leczenia odlezyn powinny byc wdrazane we wszystkich szpitalach, zakladach opiekunczo-leczniczych i domach opieki.Konieczne jest wprowadzenie kompleksowej edukacji przeciwodlezynowej w srodowisku rodzinnym pacjenta, gdyz wiekszosc odlezyn powstaje w domu chorego.Swiadomosc ponoszonych kosztów leczenia odlezyn powinna sklonic menadzerów sluzby zdrowia do zwiekszenia srodków finansowych na prewencje odlezyn i ich leczenie wedlug najnowszych osiagniec nauki.Wyraznie brakuje w literaturze naukowej pielegniarskich prac empirycznych z zakresu problematyki i leczenia odlezyn, które pozwolilyby na weryfikacje skutecznosci sposobów i metod postepowania w praktyce zawodowej.  Summary Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers are extremely significant problem in nursing care. Bed sores are a source of additional health complications of the patient, are a source of pain and suffering, as well as common financial problems.The purpose of this work is to identify the role played by the nurse in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers and the response to the questions of concern: the root Problem: the importance of nursing care in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers? Specific problems: what range of preventive activities may take a nurse in preventing pressure ulcers? What is the role of the nurse in the treatment of pressure ulcers? Whether gender, age and diagnosis are important in the treatment of pressure ulcers? Whether the patient's length of stay in hospital has an impact on the progress in the treatment of pressure ulcers? What brings standardization against bed sores stationary care prevention?In response to the above questions it took the following hypothesis: Hypothesis: Nurse full leading role in in prevention against bed sores. and treatment of pressure ulcers. Hypothesis: Sound at a high level of nursing care effectively prevents patients with pressure ulcers.Nurse has a significant impact on therapeutic effects in the process of treatment of pressure ulcers. Age, sex and diagnosis of the patient are variables, which have a significant impact on the treatment of pressure ulcers. Duration of hospitalization, understood as a time of specialized, comprehensive, individual and multilateral treatment of pressure ulcers, has a beneficial effect on progress in the treatment of pressure ulcers. Standardization of nursing care in prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers raises the quality of medical services.In the work uses 3 methods: method medical literature analysis and method of analysis of medical documents. cumulative bed sores prevention card, conducted in palliative medicine in a Hospital Specialized in Pulawy in 2010. In the statistical analysis included 124 patients at risk of pressure ulcer. The main test method uses a method of statistical inference, multiple linear regression model.  In summary, the final was made the verification of hypotheses. All hypotheses are true except for hypothesis 3. Age and gender are variables, which do not affect the treatment of pressure ulcers, and diagnosis of variable is statistically significant.In the conclusions it was found that: Nurse perfectly carry out the process of nurture in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. The introduction of the standards of prevention against bed sores brings a significant improvement in the quality of medical services. Monitoring the prevention against bed sores in the form of fairly conducted documentation protects nurses against the claims of patients. Generally accepted rules for the treatment of pressure ulcers to bring you more and better therapeutic results. Prevention programs and treatment of pressure ulcers should be implemented in all educational establishments, hospitals and nursing homes. It is necessary to introduce a comprehensive education against bed sores in the family environment of the patient, as most pressure ulcers arise in the House. Awareness of the costs of treatment of pressure ulcers should prompt health care managers to increase financial resources for prevention of pressure ulcers and their treatment according to the latest scientific advances. Clearly missing in the scientific literature of empirical work nursing from the scope of the problems and treatment of pressure ulcers, that would allow for the verification of the effectiveness of ways and practices in professional practice.

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