ARTICLE
TITLE

Róznice fluktuacji, dynamiki i dymorfizmu plciowego cech somatycznych, typu budowy i otluszczenia dzieci i mlodziezy w wieku od 4 do 18 lat

SUMMARY

Mrozkowiak Miroslaw, Jazdonczyk Paulina. Róznice fluktuacji, dynamiki i dymorfizmu plciowego cech somatycznych, typu budowy i otluszczenia dzieci i mlodziezy w wieku od 4 do 18 lat = Fluctuation, dynamics, sexual dimorphism, somatic features, body types and adiposity differences in children and adolescents at the ages from 4 to 18 from urban and rural areas. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(7):365-392. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20236http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%287%29%3A365-392https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/586309http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20236Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja.Specyfika i zawartosc merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie.Zgodnie z informacja MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., ze w roku 2014 nie bedzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r.The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014).© The Author (s) 2015;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 20.06.2015. Revised 15.07.2015. Accepted: 15.07.2015. Róznice fluktuacji, dynamiki i dymorfizmu plciowego cech somatycznych, typu budowy i otluszczenia dzieci i mlodziezy w wieku od 4 do 18 lat Fluctuation, dynamics, sexual dimorphism, somatic features, body types and adiposity differences in children and adolescents at the ages from 4 to 18 from urban and rural areas Miroslaw Mrozkowiak1, Paulina Jazdonczyk2 1Bioergonsport, Nowa Biala magmar54@interia.plstrona: http://wadypostawy.republika.pl2Gabinet Fizjoterapii Leszno Wlkp. Slowa kluczowe: masa i wysokosc ciala, typ budowy. Streszczenie Wstep. Stan zdrowia badanej populacji, zgodnie z przyjetymi zalozeniami wspólczesnej ochrony zdrowia, znajduje takze swoje odzwierciedlenie w poziomie oraz dynamice procesów wzrastania i dojrzewania. Jednym z istotnych czynników róznicujacych osiagany poziom rozwoju fizycznego jest stopien zurbanizowania miejsca zamieszkania.Cel badan. Okreslenie istotnosci róznic miedzy srodowiskiem miejskim i wiejskim w przebiegu zmian wysokosci i masy ciala, wskazników BMI i IR w ramach kazdej plci i kategorii wiekowej. Material i metoda. Przeprowadzone badania w populacji 3806 dzieci i mlodziezy w wieku od 4 do 18 lat, pozwolily na zarejestrowanie 21895 obserwacji wysokosci i masy ciala w poszczególnych kategoriach wiekowych, plci i srodowisku, w tym 7199 dziewczat ze srodowiska miejskiego i 4484 ze srodowiska wiejskiego, chlopców odpowiednio: 6426 i 3786. Okreslono typu budowy ciala wedlug wskaznika wagowo-wzrostowego Rohrera i otluszczenia BMI. Pomiarów dokonano na wadze lekarskiej z dokladnoscia do0,5 cmi100 g.                Wnioski. 1. Srednia wysokosc i masa ciala badanych chlopców jest wieksza niz dziewczat. Dynamika przyrostów w kazdej z plci jest zblizona, przy czym miedzy13 a14 r.z. wystepuje okresowy spadek tempa przyrostu obu cech. 2. Róznice w wystepowaniu typów budowy ciala osobników obu plci w srodowisku miejskim i wiejskim zacieraja sie. W populacji zenskiej sa statystycznie nieistotne, natomiast w populacji mezczyzn istotne róznice wystepuja w typie smuklym, gdzie odsetek wystepowania na wsi jest wiekszy oraz w typie srednim, gdzie odsetek wystepowania w miescie jest wiekszy. 3. Róznice w wystepowaniu typów otluszczenia ciala osobników obu plci w srodowisku miejskim i wiejskim zacieraja sie. W populacji zenskiej sa statystycznie istotne tylko w populacji posiadajacych nadwage, czesciej wystepuja w srodowisku miejskim. Natomiast w populacji mezczyzn istotne róznice wystepuja w srodowisku miejskim, osobników z nadwaga i niedowaga jest wiecej. Key words: body mass, body height, body type. Summary Introduction. Health condition of the studied population, according to the standards of contemporary health care, reflects itself in the level and dynamics of growth and maturation processes. One of the significant features differentiating the levels of physical development is the urbanization rate of one’s place of residence.  Aims. The aim of the study is to determine the significance of differences in body mass and body height, as well as BMI and IR, between the individuals living in urban and rural environments, for both sexes and all age groups.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 3806 children and adolescents at the ages from 4 to 18 and it enabled one to register 21895 body mass and body height observations in particular age groups, sexes and environments, including 7199 girls from urban areas and 4484 from rural areas, and 6426 boys from urban areas and 3786 from rural areas. Their body types were assessed according to Roher weight-height indicator, and their adiposity values according to BMI indicator; they were measured on a medical scale with accuracy to0.5 cmand100 g. Conclusions. 1. Average body height and body mass of the studied male population is greater than of the female population; body mass and body height growth dynamics in both sexes are comparable, though at the ages from 13 to 14 one observes a decline in their increase pace. Differences in body types observed among the individuals of both sexes from urban and rural areas are gradually disappearing. In the female population they are statistically insignificant; in the male population, however, significant differences are observed in slim body type, whose percentage of occurrence is greater in rural areas, and in average body type, whose percentage of occurrence is greater in urban areas. 3. Adiposity differences between the individuals of both sexes living in urban and rural areas are gradually disappearing. In the female population they are statistically significant only among the overweight population which, in turn, is more numerous in cities. In the male population, however, significant differences are observed in urbanized areas among overweight and underweight individuals.

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