SUMMARY
The objective of the article is to evaluate the variation of area and location of mosses in the Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica, using the NDVI technique and LANDSAT images, for the period 1986-2016, in the face of climate change scenarios. The NDVI technique was applied on 7 LANDSAT images and the products were evaluated by the Kappa index. The vegetation area increased from 1.5 to 2.7 km² in the period. The Kappa index results indicatevariations with 0,81 to 0,93 accuracy, more than 70% of the mapped area were indicated above 0.1 (most likely vegetation area). The largest mosses fields (83% of the larger ones) are located in the part facing the Drake Passage and are associated to the moisture and wind coming from the ocean. The greatest amount of organic matter and floodwaters occur in the “U” valleys facing the Drake, contributing to the vegetation fixation. The mosses fieldswill continue to increase in the face of scenarios point to increasing mean air temperature and retraction of the local Collins glacier and, consequently, an increase in the availability of liquid water and sediments in the proglacial and periglacial environment.