ARTICLE
TITLE

THE INFLUENCE OF WASHING PRACTICES ON THE EFFICACY OF DELTAMETHRIN LONG LASTING INSECTICIDE TREATED MOSQUITO NETS (ITNs) USING GLASS TUNNEL TEST METHOD

SUMMARY

Suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui aktivitas residu dan respon iritabilitas PermaNet® long lasting-insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) deltamethrin 55 mg/m2 setelah pencucian, dilakukan di BPVRP Salatiga, bulan Oktober-November 2004 dengan metoda uji glass tunnel. Kelambu PermaNet® dicuci dengan sabun padat (0, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21 dan 24 kali) sebagai perlakuan. Pencucian kelambu dilakukan tiga kali (secara individual) di dalam blue cap bottle (volume 1 liter), diisi air 500 ml dan digoyang pada shaker selama 20 menit, dibilas 2 kali dan dikeringkan di tempat terlindung cahaya matahari, pada posisi datar. Evaluasi dilakukan  terhadap kematian nyamuk uji (Anopheles maculatus) serta respon iritabilitas (jumlah nyamuk uji dapat melewati lubang pada kelambu berinsektisida) dan jumlah nyamuk uji kenyang darah marmot yang dipasang sebagai umpan. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa penurunan aktivitas residu insektisida deltamethrin sejalan dengan frekuensi pencucian ITNs. Rata-rata kandungan deltamethrin setelah dicuci 24 kali adalah 8,78 mg/m2 (berkurang 84,24% atau 1,93 mg/m2 setiap pencucian) dan kematian nyamuk uji 80,0%, dari jumlah 100 ekor. Uji glass tunnel menunjukkan bahwa, kematian An. maculatus pada kelambu (0 dan 6 kali pencucian) tidak berbeda secara bermakna, akan tetapi berbeda nyata setelah 12, 18, 21 dan 24 kali pencucian. Kematian nyamuk uji pada kelambu yang telah dicuci 21 dan 24 kali, menurun menjadi 67,97% dan 55,15% (tidak efektif menurut standar WHO 70%) dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan kelambu dicuci 18 kali. Respon iritabilitas tidak berbeda nyata berdasarkan jumlah pencucian. Efek repelen PermaNet® tidak cukup besar, nampak dari jumlah nyamuk melewati lubang pada kelambu uji 14,17-30,91% (±1,63%) ditemukan kenyang darah.

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