ARTICLE
TITLE

Effect of Catalysts H2SO4 8% and Baggase Ratio on Yield of Furfural with Hydrolysis Method Using Microwaves

SUMMARY

Ampas tebu mengandung pentosan sebesar 12,7%. Kandungan pentosan yang cukup tinggi dalam ampas tebu dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan furfural melalui proses hidrolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh rasio ampas tebu dan katalis H2SO4 terhadap yield furfural yang didapat dari proses hidrolisis menggunakan microwave. Ampas tebu ditambahkan dengan H2SO4 8% sebagai katalisator dengan variasi rasio ampas tebu dan katalisator H2SO4 yaitu 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, dan 1:60 pada temperatur microwave 100oC dan waktu reaksi 75 menit. Sampel dianalisa secara kualitatif dengan uji warna menggunakan anilin-asetat sebagai pereaksi. Setelah anilin-asetat ditambahkan ke sampel, warna sampel berubah dari kuning cerah menjadi merah sebagai tanda sampel mengandung furfural. Furfural yang dihasilkan dianalisa untuk mengetahui yield dari furfural dengan menggunakan Gas Chromatography (GC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield furfural terbaik pada rasio ampas tebu dan katalisator H2SO4 1:30 yakni sebesar 0,28%.The sugar cane bagasse contains 12.7% pentosan. The relatively high pentosan content in the sugar cane bagasse can be used as the raw material of furfural production by utilizing the hydrolysis process. This research aims to determine the effects of ratio variations of bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst on the yield of furfural obtained from the hydrolysis process using a microwave. The sugar cane bagasse was added with H2SO4 8% as catalyst with a variations ratio of sugar cane bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst that is 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, and 1:60 in a microwave with the reaction temperature of 100oC and reaction time of 75 minutes. The sample was analyzed qualitatively with a color test by using aniline-acetic as the reactant. After the aniline-acetic was added to the sample, the color of the sample changed from bright yellow to red as a sign that the sample contains furfural. The obtained furfural was analyzed to find out the yield of furfural by using Gas Chromatography (GC). The research product showed that the best yield of furfural on the ratio of bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst of 1:30 is 0.28%. 

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