ARTICLE
TITLE

From mythological ages to Anthropocene: Nature and human relationMitolojik çaglardan Anthropocene: Doga ve insan iliskisi

SUMMARY

Environmental pollution, global warming, reduction of living resources, extinction of species, the energy problem, urbanization, deforestation and ecology issues and so on are the important agenda topic of the mankind in the 21st century. While fighting with these problems, mankind cannot produce realistic and durable solutions, especially in advanced societies. Adding a mental depth, ethical perspective, and the basic mankind traditions to the contribution of the mankind to the ecological problems through his mind will provide realistic and permanent results. For this reason, we will first examine the concepts of myth and nature and their relation to each other. In this study, we will address the relationship between nature and mankind with a mythological perspective from mythological ages to today's Anthropocene era- hunting-gathering, agriculture, urbanization, industrialization periods - and make comparisons and draw conclusions.  In addition, we will examine the messages of the myths to identify the historical ecological perspective of Turkish society and produce solutions to the main ecological problems of today. We will examine Book of Dede Korkut and the Duha Koca oglu Deli Dumrul, which is one of the 12 stories in that Book  in terms of nature and human relations, which express the perspective of Oghuz Turks life and point of view to the world, whose situate at the east of Anatolia between 12th and 13th century. Starting from the myths, we will compare the contemporary ecological perspectives –deep, superficial, social ecology etc.– with the relation of people with nature in the mythological eras. In our study, it is also possible to find answers to these questions with Duha Koca Oglu Deli Dumrul Tale: "How is the nature-human relationship in the mythical period?", "How did the mythological age man approach the present state of the problems we are experiencing today?", "What are the basic elements of man in relation to nature?", "Is it possible to reduce human harm to nature and to bring ethical values away from personal interests in relation to nature?",  "How is an effective nature education provided?"Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet21. yüzyilda, çevre kirliligi, küresel isinma, yasam kaynaklarinin azalmasi, canli türlerinin yok olmasi, enerji sorunu, kentlesme, ormansizlasma vb. ekoloji sorunlari insanligin en önemli gündem maddelerinden birkaçidir. Bu problemlerle mücadele ederken insanlik, - özellikle de gelismis toplumlar- gerçekçi ve kalici çözümler üretememektedir. Insanoglunun akliyla ekolojik problemlere sundugu katkiya, ruhsal bir derinlik, etik bir bakis açisi ve temel insanlik geleneklerini eklemek, gerçekçi ve kalici sonuçlar ortaya koyacaktir. Bu nedenle, öncelikle mit ve doga kavramlarini ve bu kavramlarinin birbirleri ile olan iliskisini inceleyecegiz. Daha sonra çalismamizda, mitolojik çaglardan günümüz Anthropocene çagina kadar – avcililik-toplayicilik, tarim, kentlesme, endüstrilesme dönemlerindeki­ –  doga ve insan iliskilerini, mitolojik bir bakis açisiyla ele alacak, karsilastirmalar ve çikarimlar yapacagiz. 12.-13. yüzyillarda Anadolu’nun dogusundaki Oguz Türklerinin yasamini ve dünyaya bakis açisini ari bir dille anlatan Dede Korkut Destanini ve Destandaki on iki hikâyeden biri olan Duha Koca oglu Deli Dumrul’u, doga ve insan iliskileri baglaminda inceleyecegiz. Ayrica Türk toplumunun tarihsel ekolojik bakis açisini belirlemek ve bugünün temel ekoloji sorunlarina çözüm üretmek için de mitlerin bize sundugu mesajlari ele alacagiz. Mitlerden yola çikarak bugünün ekoloji anlayislari – derin, sig ve toplumsal ekoloji vb. – ile mitolojik çaglardaki insanlarin dogayla olan iliskilerini karsilastiracagiz. Çalismamizda ayrica Duha Koca Oglu Deli Dumrul Hikâyesi ile, “Bugün yasadigimiz ekolojik sorunlarin benzerlerine mitolojik çagin insani nasil yaklasmistir?”, “Insanin doga ile olan iliskisindeki temel unsurlar nelerdir?”, “Insanin dogaya verdigi zarari azaltmak ve dogayla olan iliskisinde kisisel çikarlardan uzak, etik degerler ortaya koymak mümkün müdür?”, “Etkili bir doga egitimi nasil saglanir?” sorularina da cevaplar bulmak mümkündür.

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